PS111 - Benefits of neurons

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  • Created by: Steff06
  • Created on: 27-10-16 09:24
Why do complex organisms need a nervous system?
Cells live in different environments e.g. temp, acidity and are specialised.
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Which system(s) coordinate the cell's activities?
The nervous system and endocrine system.
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How is the endocrine system specialised?
Specialised to secrete chemicals into the bloodstream. Provides slow, overall coordination of cell's activities.
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How is the nervous system specialised?
Specialised to transmit electrical impulses between 2 or more cells. Fast and precise co-ordination.
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How can neural impulses be defined?
Basis for rapid and constant communication between cells and control adjustment of ongoing cell activities.
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What is a function of neurons?
To generate and transmit electrical impulses.
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Where do these electrical impulses travel?
Impulses travel to specific targets.
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What effect do the impulses have as they reach their specific targets?
Modifies the activity of target cells.
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What does this allow?
Allows selective control of specific target structures.
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What is electrical activity modulated by?
Integrated input from other cells.
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What is the input used to do?
Adjust the output.
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What do neurons not have the ability to do and what does this mean needs to happen?
No ability to store energy so glucose and oxygen must be constantly supplied.
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Through what process are neurons produced?
Develop from neural stem cells (neurogenesis).
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What is the function of glia cells and how do they develop?
To provide protection for neurons to survive. Develop from neural stem cells.
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What is the purpose of astrocytes?
Physical and nutritonal support for neurons.
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What do astrocytes transport?
Transport nutrients from blood vessels to neurons and transport waste products away from neurons.
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What do astrocytes hold and take part in?
Hold neurons in place and take part in cell signalling.
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What is the overall function of microglia and what do they produce?
Have a defensive function. Produce chemicals that aid repair of damaged neurons.
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What do microglia also do?
Digest dead neurons.
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Describe oligodendroglia
Large, flat branches which wrap themselves around axons. Consist of a fatty subtsance which insulates axons.
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Define soma
Body of oligodendroglia.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Which system(s) coordinate the cell's activities?

Back

The nervous system and endocrine system.

Card 3

Front

How is the endocrine system specialised?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How is the nervous system specialised?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How can neural impulses be defined?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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