Proteins and mutations

These cards are beased on the second part of B3 (Proteins and mutations), it involves sub-subjects such as grouping organsims, Enzymes and Mutations. I hope these help you to revise.

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All proteins are made of long chains of_______ joined together.
amino acids
1 of 18
Proteins have different functions. Some examples are:
-structual proteins used to build cells and tissues, e.g. collegen.
2 of 18
what are the other examles of proteins?
- carrier proteins, e.g. haemoglobin which carries oxygen. also... Hormones, which carry messages to control a reaction, e.g.insulin controls blood sugar levels.
3 of 18
Each protein has its own _______ and _______ of amino acids. This makes each type of protein molecule a different ______and gives it a different _______.
number, order, shape, function.
4 of 18
What do enzymes do? What name is given?
Enzymes speed up a reaction, they are called biological catylsts.
5 of 18
Enzymes catylse chemical reactions occuring in______?
respiration, photosynthesis and protein synthesis of living cells.
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The ______ molecule fits into the _______ of the enzyme like a key fitting into a lock.
substrate, active site.
7 of 18
Enzymes all work best at a perticular temperature and pH, this is called..?
The optimum. Any change away from the optimum would slow down the reaction.
8 of 18
Describe enzyme activity at low temperatures.
molecules are moving slower and are less likely to collide.
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Describe enzyme activity at high temperatures.
At very high or low pH values and at high temperatures the enzyme active active site changes shape.
10 of 18
What is it called when the enzyme active site changes shape?
It's called denaturing. The substrate cannot fit, so cannot react so quickly.
11 of 18
Mutations may occur ______, but can occur more often by ________or ________.
spontaneously, radiation, chemicals,
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when mutations occur, what can it lead to?
The production of different proteins.
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Mutations are often ______ but may have no effect. Occasionaly they might give the individual an _________.
harmful, advantage.
14 of 18
what does a mutation do in terms of bases?
A mutation changes the order if the four bases. No other bases are involved.
15 of 18
Although every cell in the body has the same _____ it does not mean that all the same ______ are made.
genes, proteins.
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Why aren't all the same proteins maade?
because different genes are switched off in different cells. This allows different cells to perform different functions.
17 of 18
Gene mutations _____ or _______ the production of the protein that is normally made, because they ______ the ________of DNA, and so change the _____ of amino acids in the protein.
alter, prevent, change, base code, order.
18 of 18

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Proteins have different functions. Some examples are:

Back

-structual proteins used to build cells and tissues, e.g. collegen.

Card 3

Front

what are the other examles of proteins?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Each protein has its own _______ and _______ of amino acids. This makes each type of protein molecule a different ______and gives it a different _______.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What do enzymes do? What name is given?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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