Proteins and Enzymes Unit 2 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyEnzymes and digestionGCSEAQA Created by: SunsetCreated on: 13-01-14 13:52 Name two structural proteins Hair (Keratin) and muscle (actin and myosin) 1 of 17 Name two important enzyme controlled reactions? Photosynthesis and Protein Synthesis 2 of 17 What are proteins made of? Long chains of amino acids 3 of 17 What is an enzyme? A biological catalyst; it speeds up a reaction without being used up 4 of 17 How do enzymes speed up a reaction? They lower the activation energy required and therefore increase the number of successful collisions 5 of 17 What is activation energy? Th amount of energy needed to start a reaction 6 of 17 What is the optimum temperature in our bodies? 37C 7 of 17 What does 'denature' mean? If an enzyme is heated above a certain temperature, it denatures (changes shape) so it no longer works 8 of 17 What enzyme is secreted by the salivary gland? Amylase 9 of 17 What enzymes are secreted by the pancreas? Amylase, Trypsin and Lipase 10 of 17 Where is bile made? Liver 11 of 17 Why is bile added to stomach juices? To neutralise them and provide optimum pH for the small intestine and emulsify fats to speed up fat digestion 12 of 17 Why are microbes used to obtain enzymes for industry? Reproduce rapidly, enzymes released from cell so easy to collect, low cost little energy low temps and cheap 13 of 17 Name one use of proteases in food production. Pre-digestion of proteins for baby food 14 of 17 What enzyme is secreted by the stomach? Pepsin 15 of 17 How is isomerise used in the food and drink industry? To turn glucose into fructose as fructose is sweeter so you need less of it in slimming food. 16 of 17 What is an advantage of biological washing powder? Work at 50C as enzymes from hot springs but can also work at 30C whilst detergents need higher temps 17 of 17
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