Proteins and Enzymes

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What are enzymes?
Proteins produced by living cells
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Name three diferent types of proteins?
Hormones, antibodies and enzymes
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Name the building blocks of proteins
Amino Acids
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What can proteins be used for when fats and carohydrates are unavailable
Energy
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Are proteins stored in the body?
No
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What are proteins that come from animals called?
First Class Proteins
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Why are proteins that come from animals important?
They contain all essential amino acids that can't be made by the body.
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What are proteins that come from plants called?
Second class proteins
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Enzymes are sometimes referred to as biological catalysts. What is a catalyst?
A catalyst is a substance which increases the speed of a reaction without being changed or used up in the reaction.
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What do enzymes have so they can catalyse reactions?
A special shape that fits onto the substance involved in the reaction.
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What happens if the substance doesn't match the enzyme shape?
The reaction won't be catalysed.
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At what temperature do enzymes in the human body work best?
37oC
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What is meant by the optimum Ph of an enzyme?
The optimum Ph is the Ph at which the enzyme works best.
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What happens to an enzyme if the temperature is too high or the Ph is too extreme.
The enzyme becomes denatured and the reaction stops.
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What is the function of digestive enzymes?
They break down large molecules into smaller molecules.
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Which enzyme digests starch?
Amylase.
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Which enzyme digests protein?
Protease
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Which enzyme digests lipids?
Lipase
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Name the three places amylase is made?
Salivary glands, Pancreas, Small intestine
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Name the three places protease is made?
Stomach, Pancreas, Small intestine
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Name the two places where lipase is made?
The Pancreas and the Small intestine
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What does bile do?
It neutralises stomach acid and emulsifies fats.
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Why are enzymes cheap to use in industry and the home?
They don't need high temperatures to work and can be re-used.
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Give and example of a use of enzymes in the home?
Biological washing powder.
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Give and example of a use of enzymes in industry?
Carbohydrase enzymes used in the making of chocolate and syrup.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Name three diferent types of proteins?

Back

Hormones, antibodies and enzymes

Card 3

Front

Name the building blocks of proteins

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What can proteins be used for when fats and carohydrates are unavailable

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Are proteins stored in the body?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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