Proteins and Enzymes

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Proteins
proteins
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Protein molecules are made up of long chains of .... these long chains are folded to produce a ..... shape that enables other molecules to fit into the protein?
Protein molecules are made up of long chains of Amino acids. these long chains of amino acids produce a specific shape that enables other molecules to fit into that protein
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4 things in the body that are made of protein?
1-Structural components of tissues such as muscles 2-Hormones 3-Antibodies 4-Catalysts
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What do catalysts do?
Catalysts increase the rate of chemical reactions
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What are enzymes?
Biological catalysts are called enzymes, enzymes are proteins
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Enzymes
Enzymes
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The .... of an enzyme is vital for the enzyme's function..... temperatures change the shape?
The shape of an enzyme is vital for the enzyme's function, High temperatures change the shape.
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What is the difference in the optimum conditions for an enzyme that acts in your stomach and one that acts in your small intestine?
Different enzymes work best at different PH values
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Some enzymes work.... the body cells. the digestive enzymes are produced by specialised cells in.... and in the lining of the gut.The enzymes then pass out of the cells into the gut where they come into contact with food molecules.
Some enzymes work outside the body cells. The digestive enzymes are produced by specialised cells in glands and in the lining of the gut.The enzymes then pass out of the cells into the gut where they come into contact with food molecules.
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What do enzymes do to the breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules?
Enzymes catalyse the breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules.
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What is Amylase? where is it produced? what does amylase do? where does amylase act?
The enzyme amylase is produced in the salivary gland, the pancreas and the small intestine. This enzyme catalyses the breakdown of starch into sugars in the mouth and small intestine.
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What are proteases? Where are they produced? What do they do? Where do they act?
Protease enzymes are produced by the stomach, the pancreas and the small intestine. These enzymes catalyse the breakdown of proteins into amino acids in the stomach and the small intestine.
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What are Lipases? where are they produced? what do they do? where do they act?
Lipase enzymes are produced by the pancreas and small intestine. These enzymes catalyse the breakdown of lipids (fats and oils) into fatty acid and glycerol in the small intestine.
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How does stomach acid affect enzymes?
The stomach also produces hydrochloric acid, the enzymes in the stomach work most effectively in these acid conditions.
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What is bile? where is it made? where is it stored? what does it do?
The liver produces bile,bile is stored in the gall bladder, then is released into the small intestine.neutralises the acid that was added to food in the stomach. This provides alkaline conditions,which enzymes in the small intestine work most effecti
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Some..... produce enzymes that pass out of the cells. these enzymes have many uses in the home and in.....?
Some microorganisms produce enzymes that pass out of the cells. these enzymes have many uses in the home and industry.
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3 examples of how enzymes are used in the home?
1-Home-Biological detergents may contain proteases and lipases 2-Industry-proteases are used to 'pre-digest' protein in baby food 3-carbohydrates are used to convert starch into glucose syrup.
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What is Isomerase used for?
Isomerase is used to convert glucose syrup into fructose syrup which is much sweeter and therefore can be used in smaller quantities in slimming foods.
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In industry, enzymes do what that would otherwise require expensive, energy demanding equipment?
In industry enzymes are used to bring about reactions at normal temperatures and pressures.
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Many enzymes are....... at high temperatures and many are.... to produce?
Most enzymes are denatured at high temperatures and many are costly to produce.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Protein molecules are made up of long chains of .... these long chains are folded to produce a ..... shape that enables other molecules to fit into the protein?

Back

Protein molecules are made up of long chains of Amino acids. these long chains of amino acids produce a specific shape that enables other molecules to fit into that protein

Card 3

Front

4 things in the body that are made of protein?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What do catalysts do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are enzymes?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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