Amino acids, which form a polypeptide chain. Each protein contains 20 amino acids.
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Why are proteins different?
Different amino acids can be used and they can join in any order, making many proteins.
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Where are amino acids produced?
In the process of digestion. From the digestion of protease.
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Where are proteins produced in the body?
Amino acids are synthesised in ribosomes.
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How is the shape of a protein produced?
The polypeptide chain folds and bends to produce a precise and specific 3D molecule. It can attach to other molecules, called the substrate.
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Name 4 functions of proteins.
1. Hormones such as insulin. 2. Structural e.g. muscle. 3. Antibodies. 4. Enzymes.
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What is the role of an enzyme.
They make reactions go quicker, we call them biological catalysts.
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How do enzymes work?
Enzyme molecules attach to substrate molecules. They break down the substrate and release it as smaller molecules, products.
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What are enzymes?
Proteins.
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What happens to enzymes at high temperatures?
They denature. The high temperature causes the enzyme to change shape meaning the substrate no longer fits in so it stops working.
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What happens to enzymes when they are in the wrong pH?
They denature because the pH causes the enzyme to change shape, meaning the substrate no longer fits in. We say it has denatured as it no longer works.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Why are proteins different?
Back
Different amino acids can be used and they can join in any order, making many proteins.
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