Proteins

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What are proteins?
Proteins are polymers
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What are the monomers which make proteins?
Amino Acids
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What does NH2 represent in an amino acid bonding diagram?
The Amine group
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What does COOH represent in an amino acid bonding diagram?
A Carboxyl group
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What does R represent in an amino acid bonding diagram?
A carbon containing side chain
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How many different amino acids are there?
20
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What happens during a condensation reaction between two amino acids?
A peptide bond forms, eliminating a water molecule
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What are the 4 structures of a protein?
Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary
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What is the primary structure of a protein?
Sequence of amino acids joined together
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What is the secondary structure of a protein?
Alpha helixes and Beta sheets. Caused by weak Hydrogen bonds, due to attraction between positive NH group and negative C=O.
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What is the tertiary structure of a protein?
Gives 3D structure due to furthere bonding. Numerous Hydrogen bonds- weakest. Ionic bonds between uninvolved amine and carboxyl groups. Disulphide bridges- 2 sulphur atoms close together bond= strongest.
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What is the quaternary structure of a protein?
Large proteins- mixture of polypeptide chains
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Describe the biuret test
Place food sample in test tube. Add equal volume of Sodium Hydroxide. Add few drops of Copper II Sulphate (NaOH+ CuSO4= Biuret solution). A lilac colour indicates peptide bond= protein. NO HEAT.
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What are the 2 basic types of protein?
Fibrous: e.g collagen which have structural functions; Globular: e.g. enzymes, which carry out metabolic functions
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Properties of fibrous proteins:
Form long chains which run parallel to each other. These are cross-linked by brideges. Very stable
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are the monomers which make proteins?

Back

Amino Acids

Card 3

Front

What does NH2 represent in an amino acid bonding diagram?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What does COOH represent in an amino acid bonding diagram?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What does R represent in an amino acid bonding diagram?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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