A carboxyl group (-COOH) and an amino group (-NH*) attached to a carbon atom. The difference between different amino acids is the variable group (R)
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How are amino acids joined together?
Peptide bonds
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What type of reaction is it?
A condensation reaction
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Explain the reverse of this reaction
Adds a molecule of water to break the peptide bond-hydrolysis reaction
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What are the four structural levels of protein
Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary
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What is the primary structure?
Sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain. Different proteins have different sequences of amino acids in their primary structure
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What is the secondary structure?
The polypeptide chain doesn't remain flat and straight. Hydrogen bonds form between nearby amino acids in the chain. Coil into alpha helix or fold into a beta pleated sheet
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What is the tertiary structure?
The coiled or folded chain of amino acids is often coiled and folded further. More bonds form between different parts of the polypeptide chain.
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What is the quaternary structure?
Some proteins are made up of several polypeptide chains held together by bonds
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What type of bonds hold together the primary structure?
Peptide bonds between amino acids
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What type of bonds hold together the secondary structure?
Hydrogen bonds
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What type of bonds hold together the tertiary structure?
Ionic bonds, Disulphide bonds, Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic, Hydrogen bonds
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What type of bonds hold together the quaternary structure?
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