Protein synthesis

?
What is contained in DNA code before initiation?
5'UTR signials for initiation. Anchor sequence recognised by sigma facer which finds transcriptional start site.
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What happens at termination?
RNA pol reaches 3'UTR site RNA forms hair pin G-C loop followed by UUUU which has a weaker bond to DNA so detaches with assistance of rho protein.
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RNA processing.
1. Capping- GTP reacts with 5' end of mRNA and is methylated. 2.Polyadenylation addition of many adenosine residues to the 3' end. Only fully processed mRNA can be transported to the cytosol
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What happens during the activation of the tRNA molecule?
ATP-AMP and the aa is added onto it forming a high energy bond.
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What happens during initiation?
The 30s subunit binds to IF1 and 3 and mRNA. fMet binds iF2 to GTP and enters at P site. (EPA) 50s subunit binds and GDP and PI are released. The shine-dalgarro sequence upstream from AUG start code binds to 16s rRNA to ensure right reading frame.
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What happens during elongation?
Activated aa bind to elongation factor and GTP. Bind to A section, pause for proof reading using hydrolysis of GTP. peptidyl transferase causing movement of spaces and dipeptidyl peptide bond between aa. EF-G and GTP binds to translocate ribosome.
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What happens during termination?
Stop codon causes a release facto RF1/2 to bind and the protein is released (addition of H2O molecule). IF3 + ribosomal recycling factor and GTP binds. RNA released. ribosome disassembles.
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Differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic translocation?
P-70s E-80s. P-shine delgardo E-cap interacts.
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How do antibiotics react with translocation?
Kill bacteria by distinguishing between prokaryotic and eukaryotic translocation.
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What does tetracycline do?
prevents binding of activate tRNA to ribosome
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What does Puromycin do?
Causes premature chain termination during translocation
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What does erthyromycin do?
Binds to 50s subunit and prevents translocation
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What does diptheria toxin do?
Inactivates the elongation factor added EF-G.
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What does cyloteximide do?
Interfers with translocation step.
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What does Chloramphenicol do?
inhibits peptidyl transferase by binding to 50s subunit
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What happens at termination?

Back

RNA pol reaches 3'UTR site RNA forms hair pin G-C loop followed by UUUU which has a weaker bond to DNA so detaches with assistance of rho protein.

Card 3

Front

RNA processing.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What happens during the activation of the tRNA molecule?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What happens during initiation?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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