protein fat and carbohydrates
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- Created by: jacobharmison1
- Created on: 21-01-18 12:21
what type of nutrient is protein
macronutrient
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what is protein formed from
long chains of amino acids
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how many amino acids do we need
8 essential for adults 2 additional for children
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what is protein used for
growth and repair but also a secondary energy source
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what source of protein has a HBV
All animal sources
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what vegetable proteins have a HBV
Soya mycoprotein and TVP
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what is the definition of HBV and LBV
High or low biological value
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most vegetable sources are what? HBV or LBV
LBV
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what is protein complementation
where two or more LBV foods are eatento provide all essential amino acids
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What is Excess protein used for
Energy
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what is a rare severe form of protein malnutrition
Kwashiorkor
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what groups of people need more protein
babies and children, adolescents, pregnant women, nursing mothers
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what type of nutrient is fat
macronutrient
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what is fat made from
3 fatty acids and glycerol
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what are the two main fat types
unsaturated and saturated
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what about the different fats can have effects on our health
different structures and bonds
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what are the 4 functions of fat in the diet
CONCENTRATED ENERGY, FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS, A, D, E, K; PROTECTION FOR MAJOR ORGANS, HORMONES
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what can be the consequences of saturated fats or too much fat
INCREASED CHOLESTROL, INCREASED BLOOD PRESSURE ULTIMATLEY A MYOCARDIAC INFARCTION
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sources of cholestrol include (sat fats):
butter ghee lard cream hard cheese coconut oil palm oil
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consequences of unsaturated fats
lower cholestrol increase in good cholestrol lower blood pressure
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unsaturated fats sources
vegetable oils oily fish nuts seeds avocados soya beans
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what is the process of making a liquid fat solid called
hydrogenation
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what fats are formed through hydrogenation
trans fats or tran saturated fats this occurs when the molecules flip and rotate- they are extremly bad for us
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what can excess fat lead to
weight gain high cholestrol high blood pressure heart attacks cancers heart disease
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fat deficiency could do what in children or babies
affect normal growth and result in a poor supply of fat soluble vitamins
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what are the two main forms of carbohydrates
complex starches and simple sugars
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what carbohydrate cannot be digested to give energy
dietary fibre
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what are the 3 classifications of carbohydrates according to structure
mono, di, and polysaccharides
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what are monosaccharides
the simplest form of carbohydrates- glucose galactose and fructose
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what are disaccharides
more complex sugars formed from two monosaccharides sucrose glucose+fructose maltose and lactose
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what are polysaccharides
many monosaccharides joined together-complex. starch glycogen dietary fibre dextrin cellulose pectin
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what do sugars provide
instant energy
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what do starches provide
as theyre more complex they tske longer to be broken down into simple sugars thus the energy is slow release
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where are starches and sugars found
dont really need to answer that
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what does excess carbohydrate cause
the carbohydrate is turned into fat and stored under the skin- this is the main form of obesity
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what does excess sugar cause
type 2 diabetes high blood sugar levels raise resistance to insulin dental deccay inflammed skin
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what is the scientific name for fibre
non-starch polysaccharide
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what does NSP do
absorbs water forming a gel like substance and inhibits the absorbtion of cholestrol
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is NSP digested
no it passes through as insoluble waste preventing bowel diseases
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what can fibre deficiency lead to
constipation and diverticular disease
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what can a low fibre diet caus
bowel cancer- an adult should consume at least 18g of fibre every day
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what does NSP stand for
Non-starch polysaccharide
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
what is protein formed from
Back
long chains of amino acids
Card 3
Front
how many amino acids do we need
Back
Card 4
Front
what is protein used for
Back
Card 5
Front
what source of protein has a HBV
Back
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