Prosocial behaviour 0.0 / 5 ? PsychologyProsocial behaviourUniversityNone Created by: francesca_321Created on: 28-11-16 22:11 What is prosocial behaviour? Acts positively valued by society 1 of 24 What is helping behaviour? Intentional benefits another 2 of 24 What is altruism? Act to benefit other rather 3 of 24 What are four reasons why people help? Evolutionary perspective, learning to be helpful, social norms and empathy-altruism hypothesis 4 of 24 What is the evolutionary perspective? Contemporary neo-darwinian models of evolution 5 of 24 What is evolutionary success? Survival of one's genes in subsequent generations 6 of 24 Why does exsistence of prosocial tendencies in humans happen? Genetically based predispositions to act prosocially, the evolutionary success of people who displayed such predispositions 7 of 24 What is kin selection? Evolutionary benefit in terms of inclusive fitness to those who help relatives 8 of 24 What are humans inclined to? Help relatives than unrelated individuals 9 of 24 What did Burnstein do? Tendency to help people who varied in kinship in two conditions: healthy vs sick, everyday vs life or death situations 10 of 24 What else did they find? more likely to help healthy rather than non healthy in life or death situations; more likely to help non-healthy than healthy in everyday life 11 of 24 What is reciprocal altruism? Helping others increase the likliehood that they will help us, 12 of 24 What is meant by reciprocity? Benefits that may add to evolutionary success - increases status and repuration in community 13 of 24 What is learning to be helpful? Observational learning, using reinforcements, acts that are rewarded are more likely to be repeated 14 of 24 What is the first social norm? Reciprocity principle - we should help those who help us 15 of 24 What is social responsibility? WE should help people who are dependent and in need, without regard to future exchanges 16 of 24 What did Gaertner and Dovidio say about the relationship between empathy and arousal? Seeing others in distress --> state of arousal --> empathy 17 of 24 What is the empathy -altruism hypothesis? Perception that someone needs help --> imagine how the person feels --> empathetic concern --> altruistic motive: reduction of others distress 18 of 24 What is the bystander effect? People are less likely to help in an emergency when they are with others than when alone 19 of 24 What about if the person focuses on their own feelings? Personal distress --> egioistic motive reduction of one's own distress 20 of 24 What was the the kitty Genovese murder? Kitty on her way home, attacked and killed, 1 phone call after 30 mins, 38 people heard the screams 21 of 24 What is the bystnader intervention? Individual breaks out of role of a bystander and helps another 22 of 24 What is Latane and Darley's model of bystander intervention? Notice the incident, interpret the incident, accept personal responsibility for helping, decide what can be done 23 of 24 What person factors are there? Competence, mood states (good mood, guilt), gender difference (Eagly and Crowley - males are more likely to help females 24 of 24
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