Properties of Water

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  • Created by: shyde7
  • Created on: 23-03-16 12:20
As water molecules move around what do they continually make and break?
Hydrogen bonds.
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Hydrogen bonds make it harder for water molecules to do what?
Escape and become a gas.
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Despite hydrogen bonds, water has a low what?
Viscosity, meaning it can flow easily.
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As water is a liquid at room temperature, it can do what three things?
1. provide habitats for organisms in lakes, rivers and seas. 2. from a major component of tissues in a living organism. 3. provide an effective transport medium e.g. blood in vascular tissue
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If water was less dense, organisms would find it difficult to what?
Float.
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What happens to most liquids as they freeze that does not hapepn to water?
They become more dense.
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Water becomes more dense as it get's colder until it reaches what temperature?
4 degrees celcius.
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From 4 degrees celcius to 0 degrees, what action does water perform?
It alligns itself into a structure that is less dense than water.
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Why does it do this?
Because of water's polar nature.
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Give an example of an ionic solute that water acts as a solvent for?
sodium chloride
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Give an example of an covalent solute that water acts as a solvent for?
glucose
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Why is water attracted to the solute?
Because it is polar, the positive and negative parts of the water molecule are attracted to the positive and negative parts of the solute.
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When water molecules cluster around the charged parts of the solute they do what to it?
They separate the two charged parts, keeping them apart.
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What happens when the charged parts of the solute molecule are separated?
The solute dissolves and the water and solute molecules become a solution.
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Because water is a good solvent, molecules and ions can what?
Move around and react together. They can also be transported around the body dissolved in water.
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Many reactions in the cell happen where and why?
In the cytoplasm, because it is 70% water.
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Why does a drop of water on a surface look spherical and not flat?
The hydrogen bonds between molecules pull them together and demonstrate cohesion.
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Are water molecules more attracted to the water molecules below than or to the air?
The water molecules below them, because they are all hydrogen bonded.
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What properties does this give water at the surface?
It contracts (because the molecules are being pulled inwards) and allows it to resist force applied to it.
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Cohesion allows what to happen in the xylem of plants?
Columns of water can be pulled up together from the roots.
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What can pond-skaters do because of surface tension?
Walk on water.
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The amount of heat energy required to increase the temperature of water is known as...?
Specific heat capacity.
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How many kJ of energy are required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree celcius?
4.2kJ
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Why is it important to living organisms that water has a high specific heat capacity?
Living things need a stable temperature for metabolic reaction to take place. Organisms that live in water need a stable environment in which to live.
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What helps water molecules break their hydrogen bonds to become a gas?
High latent heat energy of vaporisation.
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Why is water's ability to cool things beneficial to mammals?
It keeps their temperature stable e.g. when sweat evaporates.
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How does evaporation help plants?
Plants are cooled when water evaporated from mesophyll cells.
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Give two examples of reactions where water is one of the reactants.
Photosynthesis and digestion of starch, lipids and proteins.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Hydrogen bonds make it harder for water molecules to do what?

Back

Escape and become a gas.

Card 3

Front

Despite hydrogen bonds, water has a low what?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

As water is a liquid at room temperature, it can do what three things?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

If water was less dense, organisms would find it difficult to what?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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