Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

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What organisms are they?
P - Bacteria. E - Protoctists, Fungi, Plants and Animals.
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What are their cell sizes?
P - 0.5-10 micrometers. E - 10- 100 micrometres (1000-10000x the volume)
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What form do they take?
P - Mostly unicellular E - mainly multicellular, except protoctists
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What is their evolutionary origin?
P - 3.5 thousand million years ago. E- 1.2 thousand million years ago.
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How are the cells divided?
P - by binary fission without a spindle. E - by mitosis, meiosis or both with spindle.
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Describe their genetic material.
P= Circle of DNA lies free in the cytoplasm and not associated with RNA/Histones. E - DNA is linear and contained within a nucleus, the DNA is formed into chromosomes.
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Describe protein synthesis within the cells.
P - 70s Ribosomes that are free in the cytoplasm as there is no endoplasmic reticulum. E - 80s Ribosomes that may be attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
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What are the organelles within the cells?
P - Very few and none are envelope bound. E - Many envelope bound structures as well as single membrane structures.
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What about the Cell Walls in the cells?
P - Rigid, containing polysaccharides with amino acids. E - Plants and fungi have rigid walls based on cellulose or chitin.
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Describe the flagella in both cells?
P - Simple, external and lacking microtubules. E - Complex 9+2 arrangement inside the cell membrane.
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Describe respiration in both cells?
P - takes place on mesosomes (infoldings of the cell membrane). E- Aerobic respiration rakes place inside mitochondria.
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Describe photosynthesis in both cells?
P - Photosynthesis happens on un-stacked membranes. E- takes place in chloroplasts that are stacked into lamellae.
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Describe nitrogen fixation in both cells?
P - some have the ability to nitrogen fix. E - none have the ability to nitrogen fix.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are their cell sizes?

Back

P - 0.5-10 micrometers. E - 10- 100 micrometres (1000-10000x the volume)

Card 3

Front

What form do they take?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is their evolutionary origin?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How are the cells divided?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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