Preservation

What are enzymes?

chemical catalysts

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Where are enzymes found??

in all cells

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What do enzymes cause?

fruit to ripen, meat to tenderise, oxidation to speed up

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What is it called when enzyme activity is allowed to continue?

food spoilage

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When does oxidisation occur?

when fruit & veg are exposed to air after being cut, causing the flesh to turn brown

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How can oxidisation be prevented?

adding acid, blanching, preventing contact with air

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What is blanching?

Putting the food in boiling water to kill the enzymes, then freeze them or keep them in the water until needed

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What is food poisoning caused by?

pathogenic bacteria

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What are five examples of food poisoning?

straphylococcus aureus, bacillus cereus, E-coli, listeria monocytogenes, salmonella

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What are five common symptoms of food poisoning?

vomiting, diarrhoea, stomach cramps, fever, headaches

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When can cross-contamination occur?

raw food touches high risk foods, liquid/juices from raw food drips onto high risk food, bacteria are carried from one food to another by hand, knives, chopping boards or dirty cloths

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What are the five conditions for bacterial growth?

time, temperature, moisture, pH level, oxygen

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In the right conditions how long does it take to get from 1 to 1 million bacterium?

seven hours

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What temperature does bacteria grow best?

37*c

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What temperatures can bacteria produce quickly between?

5*c-62*c

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What pH do bacteria grow best in?

neutral, between 6.6 and 7.5 pH

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What do most bacteria require in order to reproduce?

oxygen

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What are high-risk foods?

foods more prone to bacterial infection

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What are the five examples of high-risk foods?

raw/cooked meat, raw/cooked fish, egg products, cooked rice & lentils, gravies & soups

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What are the six principles of preservation?

MAP & removal of air, removal of moisture, additives, irradiation, reducing temperature, application of heat

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What is MAP?

Modified Atmospheric Packaging

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at what temperature are all bacteria and spores destroyed?

121*c

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What do bacteria become when they are at low temperatures?

dormant

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What is irradiation in the UK?

limited in use

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Get Revising

Preservation

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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Back

Card 3

Front

Back

Card 4

Front

Back

Card 5

Front

Back

Comments

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Similar Design & Technology: Food Technology resources: