Developmental Psychology Key Words

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Fertilized egg
Zygote
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Bulge of cells that attaches itself to the uterus wall
Blastocyst
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Inner organs
Endoderm
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Muscles and skeleton
Mesoderm
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Nervous system and skin
Ectoderm
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Blood vessels between embryo and placenta
Umbilical cord
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Semi-permeable membrane
Placenta
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Contains clear watery fluid, acts as a buffer to jolts and temp change, minimises effect of gravity
Amniotic sac
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Head-down development
Cephalocaudal
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Inside-out development
Proximal-distal
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Rapid production of neruons
Neurogenesis
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Neurons travel to different parts of the brain and NS to forms structures
Neuronal migration
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Huge increase in synapses among emerging neurons
Synaptogenesis
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Coating of neural membrane and neurons
Myelination
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Continues after birth in response to learning and experience
Synapse pruning
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Environmental agent that may cause developmental deviations
Tetratogens
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Determines which sounds can go together
Phonology
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Meanings of words and sentences
Semantics
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Ability to modify use according to context and social rules
Pragmatics
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Rules and order of words in sentences
Syntax
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Responsive mother, secure play and distressed on separation
Type B Secure
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Rejects carer, no distress and comforted by stranger
Type A Insecure Avoidant
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Inconsistent carer, distressed on separation and not pacified
Type C Insecure Resistant
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Inconsistent carer, unable to deal with stress, confusion on separation and reunion
Type D Insecure Disorganised
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Extent to which parents are supportive and attuned to needs
Parental responsiveness
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Expectations of integration requiring confrontation and discipline
Parental demandingess
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High expectations, low nurturance
Authoritarian
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Little control but nurturing
Permissive
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Guidance and compromise
Authroitative
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Non-responsive demanding
Uninvolved
30 of 52
Innate wanting to learn
Intrinsic motivation
31 of 52
Internal mental representations
Schema
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When new experience fits into schema
Assimilation
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When experience does not fit, schema is adjusted for new understanding
Accommodation
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When schema explains past experiences and successfully predicts new ones
Equilibrium
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When something observed does not fit, must accommodate to achieve equilibrium again
Disequailibrium
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0-2 years – coordination of senses with motor response, sensory curiosity of the world
Sensori-motor
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2-7 years – symbolic thinking but abstract thinking still difficult
Pre-operational
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7-11 years - concepts attached to concrete situations
Concrete operational
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Formal Operational 11-15 years – theoretical, hypothetical and counterfactual thinking
Formal operational
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Throwing arms out in response to sudden stimulus
Moro reflex
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Basic sounds
Phonemes
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Ability to recognise object stays same size despite distance from observer
Object constancy
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Distorted perception of how others judge them
Egocentrism
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Perception of own uniqueness
Invincibility
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Belief that others are as intensely interested in them as they are
Imaginary audience
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¼ identity status – not yet started to consider serious issues
Diffusion
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¼ identity status – formed commitments without serious consideration
Foreclosure
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Moratorium ¼ identity status – crisis stage, considering alternative forms of commitment
Moratorium
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¼ identity status – resolved crisis and consolidated identity
Achievement of identity
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Accumulated knowledge, vocab and analogy, increases with age
Crystallised intelligence
51 of 52
Quick reasoning, solving novel logic problems, decreases with age
Fluid intelligence
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Bulge of cells that attaches itself to the uterus wall

Back

Blastocyst

Card 3

Front

Inner organs

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Muscles and skeleton

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Nervous system and skin

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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