Pragmatic Development

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  • Created by: Ateeba
  • Created on: 16-12-13 22:30
What is Pragmatics?
defines meanings behind other meanings for example pig. Meanings behind other literal meanings calling someone a pig.
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The subtleness of speech e.g.
(politeness, implications and irony)
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To understand the pragmatic language we need to know...
The context, the writer or speaker may intend to communicate a meaning beyond the implications. The reader or speaker need to rely of inference to understand it.
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Pragmatics is also about....
conversational management and turn taking.
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Pragmatics play by language in social situations and relationships...
Language always has a pragmatic (practical function) whether that is to show someone you love them or to protest ‘no’ at being taken away from the park.
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With elements of language acquisition, remember that pragmatic development begins...
before child starts to speak.
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Early understanding of pragmatics:
Adults speak to children a great deal. Routine events e.g. bath time – accompanied by regularly repeated utterances. Children are introduced to important role of language in everyday life
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Conversation preparation :
Child – parent/carer – interactions prepare the child for later participation in conversation.
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Theorist: Bancroft 1996
Peek a boo – helps the child to learn? Turn Taking, Response, Common purpose to understand the sequence and Pleasure
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Other interactions…
Ask questions, Express agreement, Approving/ disproving responses… All these children develop pragmatic understanding
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First conversations:
First utterances, Statements rather than questions – not always directed at anyone and… Children are often learn to ignore other speakers
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Typical conversations:
Indicated by adults, Dependant on adult input in order to progress
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Later Development…2 -4 significant:
Development in conversational skills, Turn taking, Response to questions, Greetings…… Politeness forms
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Theorist: David Crystals
Remember Theorist: Bellugi 3 stages of negative formations in grammatical development.
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Theorist: David Crystals
suggest that there is another pragmatic method of expressing negatives. He said that it can be observed that adults don’t always want to be direct when they disagree with children for example they use ‘maybe’ instead of ‘no’ – relates to Skinner.
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Theorist: Halliday
Halliday’s Taxonomy – said that there are 7 pragmatic functions of speech
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Instrumental
Fulfill a need
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Regulatory
influence someone to do something for you ‘pick up’
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Interactional
develop an maintain social relationships ‘love you’
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Personal
convey individual copies, ideas + personal identity ‘me like Charlie and Lola’
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Representational
conveys facts and info ‘it’s hot’
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Imaginative
create an imaginary world
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Heuristic
learn about the environment ‘wassat’
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Theorist: John Dore
John Dores Pragmatic language functions. JD offers another way of describing language functions.
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Labelling
naming a person, object or thing
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Repeating
repeating adults words or utterances
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Answering
responding to an utterance of another speaker
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Requesting
looking for something to be done for them
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Calling
getting attention
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Greeting
greeting someone or something
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Protesting
objecting to requests from others
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Practising
using language when no adult is present
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Halliday V.S. Dore
Both provide useful models for analysing children’s utterances + explaining why child uses language. Often hard to apply either H/D models accurately without info on context of child utterances e.g. child at one words stage uses noun ‘mummy’ DL HI
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Utterance – Look at me I Superman (Child playing)
H – Imaginative D – Requesting
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Utterance – Mummy (Mummy returns from work)
H – Interactional D – Calling
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Utterance – Want Juice (Child is thirsty)
H – Regulatory D – Requesting
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Utterance – Me like that (Child likes toy)
H – Personal D – Labelling
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Utterance – Why (Child doesn’t want to put shoes on)
H – Heuristic D – Answering
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Utterance – No (Child wants to stay at the park)
H – Personal D – Protesting
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The subtleness of speech e.g.

Back

(politeness, implications and irony)

Card 3

Front

To understand the pragmatic language we need to know...

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Pragmatics is also about....

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Pragmatics play by language in social situations and relationships...

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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