PPoS

?
Boyle's law
PV = constant, therefore increase in pressure decrease in volume
1 of 23
How are the lungs mechanically coupled to the chest wall
Pleural fluid
2 of 23
During inspiration what happens to the intrapleural pressure
It decreases (increased volume and therefore decreased pressure)
3 of 23
Air is drawn into the lungs when pressure is less or greater than barometric
Less
4 of 23
What muscles are always inspiratory muscles
Diaphragm, ext. IC, scalenes, parasternal IC (prevents wall collapsing inwards)
5 of 23
What are accessory muscles of inspiration
Neck muscles, e.g. SCM
6 of 23
Expiratory muscles include...
Int. EC, rectus abdominus, EO, IO, TA (however in normal breathing expiratory is just the relaxation of Inspiratory muscles)
7 of 23
What is functional residual capacity?
Volume of air in the lung at the end of a normal breath
8 of 23
Transpulmonary pressure =
alveolar pressure - intrapleural
9 of 23
Why is intrapleural pressure negative during inspiration
Opposes inwards elastic recoil
10 of 23
transpulmonary pressure is also known as
Distending pressure (decreases during respiration
11 of 23
Why does a pneumothorax, punctured chest wall, cause the lung to collapse
Intrapleural pressure becomes equal to atmospheric
12 of 23
Anatomic dead space is ~
150ml
13 of 23
Equation for alveolar ventillation =
minute ventilation - dead space
14 of 23
When inhaling, inspiratory muscles must overcome
Elastic resistance and airway resistance
15 of 23
Equation for lung compliance
Change in lung volume / change in transmural pressure gradient
16 of 23
Equation for airway resistance
Alveolar pressure - mouth pressure / airflow at mouth
17 of 23
Where are the main sites of reistance in the airway
Nose, pharynx, larynx, medium sized bronchioles (gen3-5)
18 of 23
+ve intrapleural pressure keeps airways open or causes them to collapse
Collapse (forced expiration)
19 of 23
Why is it that expiratory airlow is limited at a low lung volume and does not increase with increased force
Dynamic compression
20 of 23
What occurs in normal people but more readily if high resistance
Dynamic compression
21 of 23
What generation of bronchioles are most likely to collapse
3-4
22 of 23
An increased airway resistance leads to...
slow expiration and low peak flow expiratory flow rate
23 of 23

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How are the lungs mechanically coupled to the chest wall

Back

Pleural fluid

Card 3

Front

During inspiration what happens to the intrapleural pressure

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Air is drawn into the lungs when pressure is less or greater than barometric

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What muscles are always inspiratory muscles

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Medicine resources:

See all Medicine resources »See all Physiology resources »