Poverty

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What is overpopulation?
When there isn't enough space, food, water or other resources to support the population.
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Why does overpopulation cause poverty?
Because there is too much strain on resources, such as food, water and housing. For example, India's population is over 1 billion and increasing rapidly. 35% of people in India are living on less than $1 each day. This may increase with population.
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Where are the highest levels of overpopulation? How does this correlate to poverty?
Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia - these have high levels of poverty.
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How can overpopulation be caused?
By population increase, the reduction of resources, or a combination of both.
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How can low life expectancy cause poverty?
Because it is usually accompanied by high birth rates and lower death rates - in Ethiopia, the birth rate was 42 per 1,000, with the death rate just 11. This has resulted in rapid population growth and overpopulation.
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What are subsistence farmers?
Farmers that only produce enough food to feed themselves and their families. They are especially at risk of poverty because they depend on the food they produce to survive.
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Why are subsistence farmers vulnerable to extreme weather events?
Because this can affect their crops growth, which they rely on in order to eat.
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Why are subsistence farmers unable to escape poverty?
Because they don't usually have any surpluses which they sell or trade so they have no income. This means they can't afford adequate healthcare, education or better technology to increase food production.
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Where is subsistence farming taking place?
In Zambia. Most of the population here rely on subsistence farming to survive. There are few irrigation systems so most farmers rely on seasonal rains. However, droughts in the 1980s and 1990s reduced production and resulted in famine.
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How many people rely on forests directly?
Of the 900 million who live in extreme poverty, forests directly contribute to 90% of these livelihoods. For fuel and other by-rpdocys, forests become one of the main sources of subsistence survival.
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How does deforestation cause poverty?
When a forest is degrade and depleted by subsistence farmers, people leave an find the ext forest area to depend on and the cycle continues.
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Bad growing conditions: Rainfall
75% of the poorest countries in the world have little or seasonal rainfall, which makes it difficult to grow crops and rear animals. It rain is less than usual, it can lead to food shortages and famine.
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Bar growing conditions: Soil quality
Many of the poorest countries in the world have low quality soil, which can be made worse by bad ramping practises and subsistence farming, such as overgrazing and deforestation. These degrade soil and make it harder to grow crops and rear animals.
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Where is war causing poverty?
Across the world, but especially in the Middle East and Africa. For example, due to the First Gulf War between 1990 and 1991 in Iraq, the GDP fell from $2,304 in 1989 to $938 in 1991.
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How can war cause poverty?
War destroys or damages proper, infrastructure and crops, and leads to shortages of safe drinking water, shelter, food, healthcare and education.
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How does war negatively impact on economies?
It reduces agricultural and industrial output and trade with other countries may decline.
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What do wars produce?
Refugees, which means people flee their homes from persecution. Many end up in refugee camps which often have a limited supply of food, water, shelter and healthcare.
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How does the geographical location of countries cause poverty?
Because a lack of direct access to the ocean or sea restricts international trade and development. Africa has 15 landlocked countries.
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How do natural hazards cause poverty?
Because they damage or destroy property, infrastructure and crops.
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What natural hazards occur yearly in Bangladesh? What does this mean?
Cyclones and floods. Earthquakes can also occur. This means it very hard to escape poverty.
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Natural hazards: Floods
Floods can reduce access to clean water and sanitation, as well as a loss of property and reduction in crop yields.
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Where did floods take place in 1998?
In Bangladesh. These made 25 million people homeless, 2 million tonnes of rice were lost, clean water became scarce and water-borne diseases spread.
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Natural hazards: Droughts
Droughts reduce water supplies and increase soil erosion. This can result in reduced crop yields, crop failures and the death of livestock.
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Where did drought and crop disease occur in 1984?
In Ethiopia. This left 8 million people starving.
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What can cause desertification?
Droughts
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How much of the world's agricultural land is very degraded?
40%
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In Africa, by 2025, how many people will be able to live off the crops grown in the continent?
25%
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Give an example of a country where the political situation is weak with there being no democratic government.
In Ethiopia. It was a communist state until 1994.
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How does a poor political situation cause poverty?
Because corruption is often widespread and so money that should be used to eradicate poverty is channeled by the military and governing elite. Also, ideology, such as communism, can alienate some leaders and cause them to lose sight of reality.
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What is the history of colonialism?
Colonies supplied food and minerals for the benefits of Imperial powers, such as Britain, and economic development was only encouraged where resource exploitation could take place, such as building ports and railways.
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How does colonialism cause poverty?
Many African countries were artificially created by Imperial powers, with their borers often ignoring internal tribal, national and cultural differences. This has led to political instability, separatism, civil war and poverty.
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What is the level of healthcare in Ethiopia?
There are over 30,000 patients for every one doctor, compared to 360 in the UK.
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In 2013, how many in sub-Saharan Africa have HIV/AIDs?
24.7 million.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Why does overpopulation cause poverty?

Back

Because there is too much strain on resources, such as food, water and housing. For example, India's population is over 1 billion and increasing rapidly. 35% of people in India are living on less than $1 each day. This may increase with population.

Card 3

Front

Where are the highest levels of overpopulation? How does this correlate to poverty?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How can overpopulation be caused?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How can low life expectancy cause poverty?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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