What are the two types of punishment that Foucault distinguishes between?
Sovereign power and Disciplinary power
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What is Sovereign Power?
Typical before 19thC, when the monarch had power over people. Inflicting punishment on the body was the means of asserting control, punishment was a spectacle
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What is Disciplinary Power?
Dominant from 19thC on. A new system of discipline seeks to govern not just the body but the mind and does so through surveillance
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How does Foucault illustrate Disciplinary Power?
Through the panopticon.
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What is a Panopticon?
A prison where the prisoners' calls are visible to the guards but the guards are not visible to the prisoners. Thus the prisoners dont know if they're being watched, but they know they might be which leads to self-surveillance
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What sort of punishments did pre-industrial europe have?
Warning, banishments, corporal punishment and execution. Prison was mainly used for holding criminals until they received their punishment
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How many prisoners commit further crimes upon release?
two thirds. Many critics regard prisons as an expensive way of making bad people worse
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What is populist punitiveness ?
Where politicians have sought electoral popularity by calling for tougher sentences.
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Give an example of Populist Punitiveness
New Labour in 1997 took the view that prison should not be used just for serious offenders but as a deterrent for persistent petty offenders
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What does GARLAND say about mass incarceration ?
It ceases to be the incarceration of individual offenders and becomes the systematic imprisonment of whole groups of the population
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What is transcarceration?
the idea that individuals become locked into a cycle of control, shifting between different carceral agencies during their lives
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is Sovereign Power?
Back
Typical before 19thC, when the monarch had power over people. Inflicting punishment on the body was the means of asserting control, punishment was a spectacle
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