Population genetics

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population genetics
Genetic analysis of the distribution of particular genes across entire populations
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Gene pool
Sum total of all the genes and alleles in a population at a given time
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Allele frequency
Proportion of a particular allele in a population at any one time
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Genome
All the DNA of an individual
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The hardy-weinburg equation
p+q=1 ; (p+q)^2 = p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1 = 100%
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p=?
Frequency of one of the alleles, A, in a gene pool
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q=?
Frequency of the other allele, a.
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p^2=?
The frequency of the homozygote AA
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q^2=?
The frequency of the homozygote aa
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2pq=?
The frequency of the heterozygote Aa
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Cross fertilisation
Fertilisation involving two parents.
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Polymorphic
Populations where there is more than one alternative for a particular trait
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Polymorphism
The presence of two or more genotypes, the rarest of which exceeds 1%.
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Species
A group of individuals of common ancestry that are normally capable of interbreeding to produce fertile offspring
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Artificial selection
Selective breeding by man
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Speciation
The formationof a new species that are reproductively isolated from other species
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allopatric speciation
Speciation that involves initial geographic separation followed by genetic divergence.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Sum total of all the genes and alleles in a population at a given time

Back

Gene pool

Card 3

Front

Proportion of a particular allele in a population at any one time

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

All the DNA of an individual

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

p+q=1 ; (p+q)^2 = p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1 = 100%

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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