Plant Organelles

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Definition: Cell Wall
A rigid structure that surrounds plant cells. It's mainly made of the carbohydrate cellulose.
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Function: Cell Wall
Supports plant cells.
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Definition: Middle Lamella
The outermost layer of the cell.
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Function: Middle Lamella
This layer acts as an adhesive, sticking adjacent plant cells together. It gives the plant stability.
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Definition: Plasmodesmata
Channels in the cell walls that link adjacent cells together.
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Function: Plasmodesmata
Allow transport of substances and communication between cells.
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Definition: Pits
Regions of the cell wall where the wall is very thin. They're arranged in pairs - the pit in one cell is lined up with the pit in the adjacent cell.
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Function: Pits
Allow transport of substances between cells.
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Definition: Chloroplast
A small, flattened structure surrounded by a double membrane. It contains thylakoid membranes, which are stacked up in some parts of the chloroplast to form grana. Grana are linked together by lamellae - thin flat pieces of thylakoid membrane.
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Function: Chloroplast
The site where photosynthesis takes place. Some parts of photosynthesis happen in the grana, and other parts happen in the stroma (a thick fluid found in chloroplasts).
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Definition: Amyloplast
A small organelle enclosed by a membrane. They contain starch granules.
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Function: Amyloplast
They store starch grains, and also convert starch back to glucose for release when the plant requires it.
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Definition: Tonoplast
A membrane that surrounds the vacuole.
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Function: Tonoplast
Controls what enters and leaves the vacuole.
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Definition: Vacuole
A compartment surrounded by the tonoplast.
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Function: Vacuole
Contains the cell sap, which is made up of water, enzymes, minerals and waste products. Vacuoles keep the cells turgid - this stops plants wilting. They're also involves in the breakdown and isolation of unwanted chemicals in the cell.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Supports plant cells.

Back

Function: Cell Wall

Card 3

Front

The outermost layer of the cell.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

This layer acts as an adhesive, sticking adjacent plant cells together. It gives the plant stability.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Channels in the cell walls that link adjacent cells together.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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