Physics notes

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Difference between longitudinal and transverse waves?
longitudinal-In a longitudinal wave, the oscillations are PARALLEL to the direction of energy transfer. Longitudinal waves show areas of compression and rarefaction.In a transverse wave, the oscillations are PERPENDICULAR to the direction of energy
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define amplitude
Amplitude- distance between the middle point to the top point of a wave
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define frequency
The number of waves passing a certain point in a second
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define wave length
the length from one wave's peak to the next
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define period time of a wave
the duration of a single wave
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what is frequency measured in?
Hertz (Hz, KHz- kilohertz, MHz- megahertz)
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What do waves transfer?
information and energy without matter
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How do you find the wave speed?
Wave speed = frequency x wavelength
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What is the human hearing range?
20Hz- 20,000Hz
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What are sounds above the human hearing age known as?
Ultrasound
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What two things can ultrasound be used for?
1- to form an image of a baby in a mother's tummy 2- to measure a distance using
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How do you determine a distance using sound?
distance= speed x time (Divided by 2)
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what are the types of waves in an electomagnetic spectrum
Radio, Micro, Infrared, Visual light, Ultraviolet, X-ray, Gamma rays
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what three things are the same in all EM waves?
All travel into free space, transverse waves, all same speed
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What is the electromagnetic spectrum in order of?
Increasing frequency, decreasing wave length
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What colour are radio waves and what colour are gamma rays?
radio-red and gama-purple
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see notes for uses, dangers and protections
okay
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name a conductor and an insulator
conductor- metal, insulator- plastic
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do opposites attract or repel?
attract
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Define current
the rate of the fllow of electrons
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the electric current in solid metal conductors is ______
a flow of negatively charged electrons
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Conventional current flows from __ to __, opposite to electrons that flow __ to __
1. Positive to negative 2. negative to positive
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how do you find the charge?
charge= current x time (q = i x t)
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what is current measured in?
amps
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what is charge measured in?
coulombs
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define voltage
the electric potential difference
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is the voltage shared/split between the componants in a SERIES circuit?
yes
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is the voltage the same in a PARALLEL circuit? if so, why?
Yes, because each load has a direct connection to the power source, and aren't blocked.
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what does the current in a series circuit depend on? (2 things)
the applied votage, and number and nature of componants
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How does the resistance affect the current?
by increasing the resistance, it is harder for the current to flow and therefore it decreases
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what is ohm's law?
The current flowing through a metal wire is proportional to the voltage across it
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how do you find voltage? (equation)
voltage = current x resistance (v = i x r )
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if a graph with current against voltage is a straight line what is kept constant?
the resistance, this also obeys ohms law.
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What causes heat to flow?
temperature differences
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what increases the speed of heat flowing?
Larger temperature differences between a body and it's surroundings.
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what temperatures do heat naturally flow from?
high to low
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What are poor thermal conductors called?
insulators
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Do all metals conduct heat at the same speed?
No, eg copper is faster than other metals.
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are liquids and gases are poor thermal conductors?
yes
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

define amplitude

Back

Amplitude- distance between the middle point to the top point of a wave

Card 3

Front

define frequency

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

define wave length

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

define period time of a wave

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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