Physics Laws for IB HL

Definitions of all the laws that are needed for higher physics according to the current syllabus (for exams 2013).

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  • Created by: dani
  • Created on: 03-04-13 13:46
NEWTON’S 1ST LAW OF MOTION
An object continues in uniform motion in a straight line or at rest unless a resultant external force acts.
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NEWTON’S 2ND LAW OF MOTION
The resultant force is proportional to the rate of change of momentum. (F= ∆p/∆t) and/or The resultant force is proportional to the acceleration. (F=ma)
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NEWTON’S 3RD LAW OF MOTION
When two bodies A and B interact, the force that A exerts on B is equal and opposite to the force that B exerts on A.
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THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF LINEAR MOMENTUM
The total liner momentum of a system of interacting particles remains constant provided there is no resultant external force.
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1ST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
The amount of heat added to a gas is equal to the increase in internal energy plus the work done by the gas. (Q=∆U+W)
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2ND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
The overall entropy of the universe is increasing.
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PRESSURE LAW
constant volume, the pressure of a gas is proportional to its temperature in Kelvin. (p∝T)
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CHARLES’S LAW
At constant pressure, the volume of a gas is proportional to its temperature in Kelvin. (V∝T)
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BOYLE’S LAW
At constant temperature, the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume. (p∝1/V)
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SNELL’S LAW
n_1/n_2 =〖sinθ〗_2/(si〖nθ〗_1 )=v_2/v_1 =c_2/c_1
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OHM'S LAW
The current is proportional to the potential difference provided that the temperature is constant. (R= V/I)
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NEWTON’S LAW OF UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION
Every point mass attracts every other point mass with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square to their separation. (F= (Gm_1 m_2)/r^2 )
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COULOMB’S LAW
The force experienced by a point charge due to the presence of another point charge is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of their separation. (F= (kq_1 q_2)/r^2 )
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WIEN’S DISPLACEMENT LAW
For a black body, the wavelength of maximum intensity of radiation is inversely proportional to its absolute temperature. (λ_max=k/T)
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STEFAN- BOLTZMANN LAW
The energy radiated by a black body radiator per second per unit area is proportional to the fourth power of the absolute temperature. (P/A=σT^4)
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KEPLER’S THIRD LAW
For any object orbiting a given body the ration of the square of the time period to the cube of the average distance is constant. (r^3/T^2 =constant)
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BREWSTER’S LAW
The index of refraction for a material is equal to the tangent of the polarising angle for the material. (n=tanθ_i)
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MALUS’ LAW
When plane- polarised light is incident on an analyser, the intensity is directly proportional to the square of the cosine of the angle between the plane of polarisation and the analyser’s preferred direction. (I∝〖cos〗^2 θ)
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FARADAY’S LAW
The induced emf is directly proportional to the rate of change of flux linkage. (ε∝(∆∅)/∆t)
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LENZ’S LAW
ε=-N (∆∅)/∆t
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RADIOACTIVE DECAY LAW
The rate of decay is proportional to the number of nuclei present that have not decayed. (dN/dt=-λN)
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The resultant force is proportional to the rate of change of momentum. (F= ∆p/∆t) and/or The resultant force is proportional to the acceleration. (F=ma)

Back

NEWTON’S 2ND LAW OF MOTION

Card 3

Front

When two bodies A and B interact, the force that A exerts on B is equal and opposite to the force that B exerts on A.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The total liner momentum of a system of interacting particles remains constant provided there is no resultant external force.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

The amount of heat added to a gas is equal to the increase in internal energy plus the work done by the gas. (Q=∆U+W)

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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