Physics G481 definitions

All the definitons you need to know for the G481 exam :)

BTW c.s.a means cross sectional area

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  • Created by: Emily B
  • Created on: 09-12-12 18:30
Scalar
A quantity that has only magnitude
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Vector
A quantity that has both magnitude and direction
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Displacement
The distance moved by an object in a particular direction from a fixed starting point
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Instantaneous Speed
The speed of an object measured over a very short period of time
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Average Speed
The total distance travelled by an object divided by time taken
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Velocity
Rate of change of displacement. Unit: ms(^-1)
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Acceleration
The rate of change of an objects velocity. a=Δv/Δt
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Newton
The force that will give a 1kg mass an acceleration of 1ms(^-2) in the direction of the force
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Centre of gravity
The point at which the entire weight of the object appears to act
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Torque of a couple
The product of one of the forces and the perpendicular distance between them
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Moment of a couple
Magnitude of the force * perpendicular distance of the point from the line of the force
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Work done
Product of the force and the distance moved by the force in the direction of travel
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Joule
The work done when a force of 1N moved a distance of 1m.
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Power
The rate at which energy is transferred or the rate at which work is done. Unit: Watt
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Watt
1 Watt is 1 Joule per second
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Thinking distance
The distance travelled by a vehicle in a time equal to the thinking distance of the driver
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Braking distance
The distance travelled by a vehicle from the moment the brakes are applied until the vehicle comes to a stop
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Stopping distance
Braking distance + Thinking distance
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Stress
The force acting per unit c.s.a =force/c.s.a
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Strain
The extension per unit length. =extension/original length
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Young's modulus
The ratio of stress to strain for a given material, resulting from tensile forces provided Hookes law is obeyed =Stress/strain. Unit:Pa
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Ultimate tensile strength
The breaking stress of a material. =breaking force/c.s.a
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Elastic deformation
When an object has been deformed and will return to its original dimensions
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Plastic deformation
When an object has gone beyond it's elastic limit and will not return to its original dimensions
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Ampere
The SI unit of electric current
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Brittle
A material that shows no plastic deformation and breaks beyond its elastic limit
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Coulomb
A charge of 1C passes a point when a current of 1A flows for 1s.
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Ductile
A material that can easily be drawn into wires
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Efficiency
The ratio of useful output energy to the total unput energy for a device. =useful/total input *100
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Hooke's Law
The extension produced is proprtional to the force producing it, provided the elastic limit is not exceeded
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Principle of moments
The sum of clockwise moments about a point is equal to the sum of anticlockwise moments about the same point
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

A quantity that has both magnitude and direction

Back

Vector

Card 3

Front

The distance moved by an object in a particular direction from a fixed starting point

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The speed of an object measured over a very short period of time

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

The total distance travelled by an object divided by time taken

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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