physics 6

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  • Created by: tenda
  • Created on: 03-04-14 18:35
what does an atom consist of?
a nucleus and orbiting electrons
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what is an isotope?
atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
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name two different isotopes of carbon
carbon-12(normal carbon) and carbon-14
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what is the difference between carbon-12 and carbon-14
carbon-14 has two more neutrons than carbon-12
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what makes carbon-14 unstable
it is radioactive(nucleus is unstable) so it decays and breaks down and emitts radiation
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what type of radiation do radioactive elements emit?
ionising radioactive
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when an atom decays what 3 types of ionising radiation does it spit out?
alpha beta and gamma
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name 2 properties of alpha
slow and heavy
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what makes beta radiation able to penetrate through paper aswell as aluminum?
it is light and more penetrating. they move quite fast
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when is beta particle released?
when a nucleus has too many neutrons
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why is a gammy ray released?
when a nucleus wants to get rid of extra energy
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what is half life?
the time taken for half of the radioactive nuclei now present to decay
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what happens to nuclei during nuclear fission and fusion?
they lose mass and energy is released
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difference between fusion and fission
fusion: atoms reacted together fission:atoms are split apart
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give 2 nulcear fuels that give off a lot of energy when its nulcei are split
uranium and plutonium
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why does nuclear fission need to be controlled?
because it releases a lot of energy as well as a chain reaction. this could easily get out of hand.
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how can you control nuclear fission
control rods absorb some neutrons and slow down the reaction
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what is the difference between irradiation and contmination
irradiation is when you are exposed to radiation without coming into contact with the source and contamination is picking up radioactive material (breathing it,drinking it on coming into contact with it)
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what can ionising radiation like gamma rays be very useful for?
treating cancer, sterilising medical equipment,sterilising food and detecting disease
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what is an isotope?

Back

atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Card 3

Front

name two different isotopes of carbon

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what is the difference between carbon-12 and carbon-14

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what makes carbon-14 unstable

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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