Physics 1
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- Created by: Bethan Mulligan
- Created on: 06-06-13 17:18
What does infrared radiation involve?
the transfer of heat energy by electromagnetic radiation (thermal radiation)
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what do all objects do?
emit and absorb infrared radiation
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what does the amount of infrared radiation an object gives out or take in depend on?
the surface, shape and dimension of an object
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how will an object emit and abosrb infrared radiation more quickly?
if there is a bigger difference in temperature between it and its surroundings
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what are dark, matt surfaces good at?
emitiing and absorbing infrared radiation
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what are light, shiny surfaces good at?
reflecting infrared radiation
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What does the kinetic theory explain?
the different states and properties of matter in terms of movement of the millions of molecules
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how do the molecules in a gas move?
very quickly in random directions and collide with each other
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when you increase the temperture of gas what happens?
the gas molecules move faster and collisions become intence
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when the temperature falls in gas what happens?
the gas molecules move more slowly and become closer togther, the collisions become less frequent and the gas begins to form a liquid
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how do the atomns in a solid move?
they only vibrate in a fixed position
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what patter do solids form?
regular and orderly patterns
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what does the energy transfere by heating involve?
the movement of particles
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What is conduction?
the transfer of energy by heating without the substance itself moving
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Why is metal a good conductor of energy?
because as a metal becomes hotter the atoms vibrate more vigorously. this additional energy is transfered to the cooler parts of the metal by the free electrons that roam throught the metal.
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what is an insulator?
they are materials that have few or now free electrons, so they cant readly transfer their energy by heating
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what is convection?
it is the transfer of energy by heating through the movment of particles
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convection occurs in gases and liquids what does this create?
convection currents
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Explain convection currents
particles in the liquid or gas nearest the energy source move faster, the substance then expands and become less dense.It then rises and as it does it cools and becomes dencer and eventally sinks.The denser substance then moves into the space created
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what is evaporation?
it is the transfer of energy at the surface of a liquid
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What happens during evaporation?
the molecules that are at the surface of the liquid move rapidly and behaves like a gas and escape
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what results in a fall of temperature durnng evaporation?
once the molecules eascape, the overall energy of the molecules in the liquid reduces.
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when the water evapourates from a surface of a liquid, what gas is formed?
water vapour
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what is condensation?
the transfer of energy back into the substance at the surface
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what does the rate at which a mateial transfer its energy depend on?
its surface, volume, the type of material its made from, the nature of the surface it is in contact with and its temperature
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how can you quicken the rate at which energy is transfered?
make the object have a bigger temperature difference to it and its surroundings
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what do U-Values measure?
how effective a material is as and insulator
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how do we know if an imaterial is a good insulator?
the u-value is low
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What do solar pannels contain?
water that is heated by radiation for the sun
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What can the heated water from solar pannels be used for?
heating bulidings or domestic hot water
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what is the specific heat capacity?
it is the amount of energy required to change the temperature of 1kg of a mateial by 1 C
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what is the specific heat capacity of water?
4200J/kg C
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
what do all objects do?
Back
emit and absorb infrared radiation
Card 3
Front
what does the amount of infrared radiation an object gives out or take in depend on?
Back
Card 4
Front
how will an object emit and abosrb infrared radiation more quickly?
Back
Card 5
Front
what are dark, matt surfaces good at?
Back
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