Physics paper one

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Give an example of four energy stores
Thermal , kinetic , gravitational potential , elastic potiential , chemical , magnetic , electrostatic , nuclear
1 of 60
Describe how energy is tranferred as a ball falls to the ground
The gravitational force does work it causes energy to be transferred from the balls gravitational potiential energy store to its kinetic energy store
2 of 60
Give the equation for calculating the amount of energy in an objects kinetic energy store
1/2 times mass times speed squares
3 of 60
If energy is transferred to an objects kinetic energy store what happens to its speed
The speed increases
4 of 60
Give the equation for finding the energu in an objects gravitational potential energy store
Mass times gravitational field strength times height
5 of 60
What kind of energy store is energy transferred to when you compress a spring
Elastic potiential energy
6 of 60
What is the definition of the specific heat capacity of a material
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1 celsius
7 of 60
Give the equation that relates energy transferred and specific heat capacity
Mass times specific heat capacity times temperature change
8 of 60
State the conservation of energy principle
Energy can be transferred stored or dissipated but can neeer be created or destroyed
9 of 60
Define power and give two equations to calculate power
The rate of energy transfer , energy transferred/time , work done / time
10 of 60
What are the units of power
Watts
11 of 60
True or false ? A high thermal conductivity means there is a high rate of energy transfer
False it means they transfer energy quickly
12 of 60
How can you reduce unwanted energy transfers in a machine with moving touching components
Lubrication
13 of 60
Give four ways to prevent unwanted energy transfers in a home
Cavity wall insulation , loft insulation , double glazed windows , draught excluders
14 of 60
True or false ? Thicker walls make a house cool down quicker
False it makes them cool slower
15 of 60
What is the efficiency of an energy transfer ? Give the equation
How much useful energy is transferred , useful output energy tansfer / total input energy transfer
16 of 60
Name four renewabke energy resources and three non renewable
Sun , wind , water waves , biofuel , tides , hydro electicty these are all renewable . Coal , oil , gas are not
17 of 60
What is the difference between renewable and non renewable
Renewable will never run out where as non renewable will
18 of 60
Explain why solar power is considered to be fairy reliable energy resource
Because the sun is out most of the time besides nightime
19 of 60
give one environmental benefit of using nuclear power
Its clean
20 of 60
define current and state the equation that links current charge and time
current is the flow of an electrical charge, charge flow = current times by time
21 of 60
what is meant by potential difference and resistance in a circuit
potential difference is the driving force that pushes the charge around . resistance is anything that slows the flow down.
22 of 60
what is the equation that links potential difference current and resistance
potential difference = current times resistance
23 of 60
what is an ohmic conductor
a conductor with a constant resistance
24 of 60
name one linear component and one non linear component
linear = fixed resistor , non linear = filament lamp
25 of 60
explain how the resistance of an LDR varies with light intensity
in bright light the resistance falls when in darkness the resistance is at its highest
26 of 60
what happens to the resistance of a thermistor as it gets hotter
when it gets hotter the resistance drops
27 of 60
true or false? potential difference is shared between components in a series circuit
true
28 of 60
how does potential difference vary between components in a parallel
the potential difference is the same across all components
29 of 60
explain why adding resistors in parallel decreases the total resistance of a circuit but adding them in a series increases the total resistance
because the current more the one direction to go in this increases the total current decreasing the total resistance , in series the resistance is shared
30 of 60
true or false ? mains supply electricity is an alternating current
true
31 of 60
what is the potential difference and the frequency of the uk mains supply
230 v , 50Hz
32 of 60
name and give the colours of the three wires , why are they colour coded ?
they are colour coded so that its easy to tell the different wires apart , neutral wire is blue , live wire is brown , earth wire is green and yellow
33 of 60
give the potential differences for the three wires in a three ore mains cable
neutral wire is 0v ,live wire is 230v , earth wire is 0v
34 of 60
explain why touching a live wire is dangerous
because a current flows through you causing an electric shock
35 of 60
state an equation that can be used to calculate electrical power
potential difference times current ,
36 of 60
what is the power rating of an appliance
the maximum safe power that they can operate at
37 of 60
what are the functions of step up and step down transformers
a step up transformer increases potential difference , a step down transformer reduces it
38 of 60
how does rubbing of materials cause static electricity to build up
negatively charged electrons will be scraped off leaving it electrically charged with a positive static charge
39 of 60
what is the formula for density
mass / volume
40 of 60
what are the units for density
kg/m3
41 of 60
what are the three states of matter
solid , liquid , gas
42 of 60
what is internal energy
the energy stored by the particles that make up a system
43 of 60
what happens to the particles in a substance when that substance is heated
energy is transferred to its particles increasing their internal energy
44 of 60
name the five changes of state
freezing , melting , sublimating , evaporating , condensing
45 of 60
is a change of state a physical change or chemical charge
physical
46 of 60
true or false ? mass stays the same when substance changes state
true
47 of 60
define specific latent heat
energy needed to change the state of 1kg of mass
48 of 60
give a formula for specific latent heat
energy = mass times specific latent heat
49 of 60
what is an isotope
different form of the same element , they have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
50 of 60
what is radioactive decay
nuclei of isotopes can be unstable so they give off radiation to try and become stable
51 of 60
explain why alpha radiation could not be used to check the thickness of metal sheets
because they don't penetrate very far into materials
52 of 60
what type of decay doesn't change the mass or charge of the nucleus
gamma rays
53 of 60
what is half life
the time taken for the number of radioactive nuclei in an isotope to half
54 of 60
what is radiation dose
it tells you the risk of harm to body tissues
55 of 60
define irradiation and contamination
irradiation simply means being exposed to radiation whereas contamination is radioactive particles getting onto objects
56 of 60
give two ways that radiation is used in medicine
radiation is used to treat cancer by killing cancer cells , used in medical tracers
57 of 60
define fission and fusion
fission is the splitting up of a large unstable nucleus , fusion is the joint of small nuclei
58 of 60
true or false ? fission is usually spontaneous
false
59 of 60
describe what a chain reaction is and what happens when its uncontrolled
two or three neutrons are released this can cause more fission to occur this is a chain reaction , uncontrolled chain reactions lead to explosions
60 of 60

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Describe how energy is tranferred as a ball falls to the ground

Back

The gravitational force does work it causes energy to be transferred from the balls gravitational potiential energy store to its kinetic energy store

Card 3

Front

Give the equation for calculating the amount of energy in an objects kinetic energy store

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

If energy is transferred to an objects kinetic energy store what happens to its speed

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Give the equation for finding the energu in an objects gravitational potential energy store

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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