Physics P1 4.5 The National Grid.

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What does the National Grid do?
It distributes electricity from power stations to our homes.
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Where will you find step-up and step-down transformers?
In the National Grid.
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What is the purpose of a high grid voltage?
It reduces energy wastage and makes the system more efficient.
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What do step-up transformers do?
Increase the voltage.
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What do step-down transformers do?
Decrease the voltage.
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How is electricity in Britain distributed?
Through the National Grid.
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What is the National Grid?
A network of pylons and cables that connect power stations to homes, schools, factories and other buildings.
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What is the benefit of having the National Grid?
Since the whole country is connected to the system, power stations can be switched i or out of the grid according to demand.
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How are the cables carried across the country?
They are carried long distances across the countryside supported by overhead pylons, in towns and close to homes the cables are buried underground.
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What is the National Grid's voltage?
132000 V or more.
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What is the voltage produced by power stations?
25000 V.
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Why is the voltage of the electricity generated in power stations increased by step-up transformers before the electricity is transmitted across the National Grid?
Because transmission at high voltage reduces the energy wasted in the cables, making the system more efficient.
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Why are step-down transformers used to reduce the voltage at local substations?
Because it would be dangerous to supply electricity to consumers at these very high voltages.
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What do step-down transformers reduce the voltage to?
230V.
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What are the advantages of overhead cables compared to underground cables?
Overhead cables are easier to repair and are cheaper.
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What sort of transformers are used at local substations?
A step-down transformer.
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**YOU NEED TO REMEMBER THAT THE MAINS VOLTAGE IN HOMES IS 230V**
**LOOK UP DIAGRAMS**
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Where will you find step-up and step-down transformers?

Back

In the National Grid.

Card 3

Front

What is the purpose of a high grid voltage?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What do step-up transformers do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What do step-down transformers do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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