9-1 GCSE Physics-Electricity

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Current is the flow of what?
Electrical charge
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Electrical charge will only flow around a circuit if there is...
A potential difference
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What is the unit for current?
Amperes or Amps
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What is the units for potential difference?
Volts
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What is the units for resistance?
Ohms
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The current flowing through a circuit depends on what?
The potential difference and resistance
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The total charge depends on what?
The current and the time
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What is charge measured in?
Coulombs
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What is the equation for charge?
Q=It
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In a equation what unit is time always in?
Seconds
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What is the equation for potential difference?
V=IR
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In a circuit is an ammeter placed in the circuit or parallel to it?
In the circuit
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In a circuit is a voltmeter placed in the circuit or parallel to it?
Parallel to it?
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In an ohmic resistor the current should be ........ to potential difference at a constant temperature.
Directly proportional
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When a components current and voltage are not directly proportional, what can change?
The resistance
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When temperature increases what else increases?
The resistance
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When current increases what else increases?
The temperature
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The resistance of a diode depends on the direction of ......
Current flow
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What is LDR short for?
Light Dependent Resistor
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When using a LDR what happens to resistance in bright light?
The resistance falls
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When using a LDR what happens to resistance in darkness?
The resistance rises
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The resistance of a thermistor depends on what?
The temperature
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When using a thermistor what happens to resistance in hot conditions?
The resistance falls
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When using a thermistor what happens to resistance in cool conditions?
The resistance rises
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In a series circuit is current or voltage the same around the circuit?
Current
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What happens in a series circuit when one of the components break?
All the components stop working
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What happens in a parallel circuit when one of the components break?
It hardly affects the other components
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In a parallel circuit is voltage or current shared?
Current is shared
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What types of current are there?
Alternating current and direct current
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What are the suppliers for AC and DC?
AC is supplied from the mains and DC is supplied from batteries
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Alternating current is constantly changing .......
Direction
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What potential difference do you get from a mains supply?
230V
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What is the frequency of the alternating current?
50 Hertz
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How is alternating current produced?
By alternating the voltage
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Direct current is constantly flowing in the ........ ........
Same direction
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How many wires are in a plug?
Three
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What is the wire and coating made from?
The wire is made from copper and the coating is made from plastic
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Name the three wires in a plug
Live, Neutral and Earth
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What is the colour of the live wire, what does it provide and where in the plug does it go?
The live wire is brown, it provides alternating current and the wire goes to the right of the plug?
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What is the colour of the neutral wire, what is its purpose and where in the plug does it go?
The neutral wire is blue, it completes the circuit (the electricity flows out of here) and it goes to the left side of the plug
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What colour is the earth wire, what is its purpose and where in the plug does it go?
The earth wire is green and yellow, it stops an appliance casing for becoming live and it goes to the top of the plug
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What is the potential difference of the neutral wire?
0V
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What is the potential difference of the live wire?
230V
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What does the energy transferred by an appliance depend on?
How long the appliance is on for and the power of the appliance
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What is power measured in?
Watts
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What is energy measured in?
Joules
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What is the equation that links power and energy transferred?
E=Pt
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What does the power rating on an appliance tell you?
The amount of energy transferred between stores per second
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What happens when electrical charge goes through a change in potential difference?
Energy is transfered
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What is given to the charge at the power source?
Energy
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When does the charge 'give up' its energy?
When it goes through a component
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What equation links energy and charge?
E=QV
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What equation links power and potential difference?
P=VI
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What equation links power and resistance?
P=I^2R
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What is the national grid?
A web of wires that covers the whole of Britain, in order to distribute electricity from power stations
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What does the national grid consist of?
Wires, step-up and step-down transformers
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Is the potential difference in the national grid high or low?
The potential difference is high
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Is the current in the national grid high or low?
The current is low
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Why is the potential difference in the national grid high?
Because we want a lot of power (and P=VI) we can increase the current or the potential difference to do this, however by increasing the current lots of energy is lost because the wires heat up and the energy gets transferred to thermal energy.
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What is another reason for keeping the pd high and the current low on the national grid?
It is cheaper
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What increases the potential difference on the nation grid?
A step-up transformer
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What decreases the potential difference on the nation grid?
A step-down transformer
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What causes the build up of static?
Friction
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What type of materials should be rubbed together to transfer the electrons?
Insulators
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What type of charge will the material with more electrons have?
A negative charge
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When electric charge builds on a object what happens to the potential difference between the object and the ground?
It increases
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If the potential difference between the object and the ground is big enough, what can happen?
The electrons can jump the gap and create a spark
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What happens too two objects that have the same charge get close to eachother?
They repel
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What happens too two objects that have the opposite charge get close to eachother?
The attract
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Is the electric field of a charged object closer or weaker as you get closer too it?
It gets stronger
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When the charged object has a positive charge do the field line go outwards or inwards?
The field lines go outwards
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When the charged object has a negative charge do the field line go outwards or inwards?
The field lines go inwards
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As you increase the distance what happens too force between them?
It gets smaller
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Does a high potential difference cause a strong or weak electric field?
It causes a strong electric field
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What does a strong electric field cause?
It causes the electrons in the air to be removed
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Electrical charge will only flow around a circuit if there is...

Back

A potential difference

Card 3

Front

What is the unit for current?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the units for potential difference?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the units for resistance?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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