physics

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  • Created by: Tree1234
  • Created on: 09-04-18 18:55
what is mass ?
a measurement of the amount of matter in an object , measured in kilograms.
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what is weight ?
the force of gravity on an object , measured in newtons
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what is density ?
the density of an object is defined as its mass per unit volume
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what are forces measured in ?
newtons
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what is the resultant force of an object?
zero but only when it's moving at the same speed and direction
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what is kinetic energy ?
energy due to motion , example vehicle
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what is gpe?
energy due to postion , example a bookliftedup (gained energy )
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what is chemical energy ?
energy stored in a substance then released , example car battery.
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what is electrical energy ?
energy transferred y an electric current , examle heater on
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what is elastic strain ?
energy stored in an elastic object , when we stretch ir squash it , example a stretched spring.
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nuclear
nucleus atom splits or disintergrates , example a uranium fuel rod in a nucleur reactor.
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what is heat energy ?
hot to cold object , example burning coal.
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what is sound energy ?
transfer of energy by sound wave , example burning coal.
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what is light energy ?
transfer of energy by light , example a torch.
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what is conservation of energy ?
the total amount of energy before and after are the same.
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what is nucleur fission ?
the process in which a uranium nucleus splits in two to form two smaller nuclei.
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what is wind energy ?
turbines , which do not emit greenhouse gases and thereofredont cause polutionbut without wind no electricity so is unreliable.
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what is work done ?
the workdone by a foece depends on the distanced moved and is refined but the force x distanced moved in the direction of force.
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what is pressure ?
pressure is caused when an object exert forces onto one another.The pressure caused by an foece depends on the area of contact where the force acts aswell as on the size of the force.
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two facts about pressure.
pressure of a liquid ncreses with deph and the pressure of a liquid depend ont he density.
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how are temperature and pressure related ?
as the tempertature of a gas increases the pressure increases.
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specific heat capacity
the energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of the substance by 1kg
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what temperature does ice have to be able to melt ?
zero
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what is heat transfer ?
hot to cold object
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what is liquid ?
close/touching no regular pattern and move from place to place.
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what is gas ?
widely spread / large gaps between particals and high speed random movement.
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what is solid to liquid ?
melting
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what is liquid to solid ?
freezing
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what is liquid to vapour ?
boiling
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what is vapour to liquid ?
condensation
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what temperature does ice have to be able to melt ?
0 degrees C
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what is heat transfer ?
hot to cold object
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what is acceleration ?
rate of change in velocity.
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what is ampere ?
unit of electrical current
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what is astronomical ?
the average distnace between earth and sun
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what is cation ?
a positivley charged atom.
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what is conductor ?
medium through which an electric current will flow.
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what is colomb ?
unit of electrical charge.
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what is current ?
flow of charge
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what is fusion ?
the joining of atomic nuclei to form a larger nucleus.
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how do you find the density of a regular shaped object ?
find the mass using a balance and find the volume.
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how do you find the density of a liquid ?
find the new mass of an empty measuring cylinder. Add some liquid and find the new mass and then calculate the difference in mass.
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what is the electromagnetic spectrum ?
the range of wavelenghs or frequencies over which electromagnatic radiation extends.
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what is velocity ?
speed in a given direction.
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what is conduction ?
trnasfer of energy due to a temperature difference this is a result of vibrations of atoms in any substance.
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what is convection ?
transfer of energy in liquid or gas due to temperature diffrenece causing circulation within the liquid or gas.
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what is the nucleus ?
a postitivley charged object at the centre of every atom , it is composed of protons and neutrons.
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what is radioactivity ?
radiation is emitted because the atoms are unstable and become stable by emitting alpha , beta or gamma radiation.
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name the three types of emission
alpha , beta and gamma.
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name four things about alpha.
absorbed by paper , about 10cm range in air deflected by electric or magnetic field and are very ionising.
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name four thing's about Beta.
negativley charged , stopped by aluminium , range in air about 1m
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name four thing's about gamma.
absorbed by thick lead sheet , high energy electromagnetic , weakly ionising and ahs an unlimited range in air.
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what is radioactive decay ?
the change thta happens to an unstable nucleus.
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what is radioiostopes ?
used to trach the flow of a substance through a substance.
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what are the safety precautions of radioactivity ?
don't touch it and wear an apron.
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what are the magnetic material's ?
steel , iron , cobalt and nickel.
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how do you find out the magnetic field ?
iron filing's at either lines , near the poles ( this is called the lines of force)
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what are permanent magnet's ?
made in different shapes , u -shaped magnets and loud speaker magnets.
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what are electromagnet's ?
an electro-magnet consists of an iron core with insulatedwire coiled around it.
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what is current ?
an elctric current is due to a flow of electric charge.
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what is electromotive ?
is the measure of how much push the cell or battery can provide to force charge round the circuit.
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what is resistance ?
is the potential difference and the current through the circuit.measured in ohms.
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what are the two types of circuit's ?
series and parallel. Series is one and parallel which is two set's.
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what are the hazards of electricity ?
high and low voltage circuits = short circuit's and overheating cables.
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what is evapouration ?
liquid particles gain energy and therefore move faster.these particles leave the surface of the liquid as they overocme forces of attraction.
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what are two types of waves ?
transverse and longitudinal.
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what are the properties of transverse waves ?
waves direction are perpendicular to the direction in which the waves travel.An example is a vibrating string rope.
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what are the properties of longitudinal waves ?
waves in which the direction of vibration is parallel to te direction in which the waves are travelling.An example is sound waves.
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what is reflection ?
return of waves after they reach a smooth surface.
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what is refraction ?
change of direction of waves when they travel across a boundarywhere their speed changes.
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what is converging lens ?
are used in camera's and are used to form an image.
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what is frequency ?
number of complete waves passing a point per second , measured in Hertz.
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what is amplitude ?
the maximum distance of any part of a wave form it's undisturbed position.
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what is energy ?
where energy is transferred to the surrounding's by heating or by sound waves.Unit is joules and watts if power.
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what is infa-red radiation ?
on a surface and is absorbed by a shiny surface and emission is best on a dull black surface.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what is weight ?

Back

the force of gravity on an object , measured in newtons

Card 3

Front

what is density ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what are forces measured in ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what is the resultant force of an object?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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