Physics 16, Space

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How is a star formed and describe what happens when it is a main sequence star?
-Dust and gas is pulled together by gravity to form a protostar -When it gets hot enough fusion reactions begin with the hydrogen which keeps the core hot -Star enters a stable period where the outward pressure from the fusion is balanced by gravity
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What happens to a main sequence star that is bigger than the sun once all the hydrogen has run out?
-A red super giant is formed and fusion to form elements up to iron happens -It will then explode in a supernova forming elements heavier than iron and ejecting them into the universe -A neutron star or, if it's big enough a black hole, will form
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What happens to a main sequence star that is smaller than the sun once all the hydrogen has run out?
A red giant is formed and fusion to form elements up to iron happens -It then becomes unstable and ejects its outer layer of dust and gas leaving a hot, dense core called a white dwarf -As it cools down it forms a black dwarf
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How does the size of a satellite's orbit affect the speed of the satellite?
-The closer you are to a star or planet, the stronger the gravitational force -The stronger the force, the faster the object must travel to remain in orbit -Faster moving objects will move in an orbit with a smaller radius than slower moving ones
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Describe the movement of a satellite in orbit
-It moves at a constant speed but with a constantly changing velocity -It is constantly accelerating towards what it is orbiting but the instantaneous velocity keeps it travelling in a circle
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What is red-shift?
It's where the wavelengths from distant galaxies are longer than they should be, they're shifted towards the red end of the spectrum showing that the galaxies are moving away from us very quickly-the universe is expanding
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How does the amount of red-shift from galaxies differ with their distance from us?
More distant galaxies have greater red-shift than nearer ones meaning they are moving away even faster than the nearer ones. All galaxies are moving away from every other galaxy, not just ours
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What is CMBR?
Cosmic microwave background radiation. It can be detected everywhere in the universe. The only way scientists can explain its existence is that it formed during the big bang as gamma radiation. It has now stretched to microwave as the universe expand
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

-A red super giant is formed and fusion to form elements up to iron happens -It will then explode in a supernova forming elements heavier than iron and ejecting them into the universe -A neutron star or, if it's big enough a black hole, will form

Back

What happens to a main sequence star that is bigger than the sun once all the hydrogen has run out?

Card 3

Front

A red giant is formed and fusion to form elements up to iron happens -It then becomes unstable and ejects its outer layer of dust and gas leaving a hot, dense core called a white dwarf -As it cools down it forms a black dwarf

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

-The closer you are to a star or planet, the stronger the gravitational force -The stronger the force, the faster the object must travel to remain in orbit -Faster moving objects will move in an orbit with a smaller radius than slower moving ones

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

-It moves at a constant speed but with a constantly changing velocity -It is constantly accelerating towards what it is orbiting but the instantaneous velocity keeps it travelling in a circle

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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