Physical Geography Definitions 0.0 / 5 ? GeographyCoastal zonesGlacial landscapes and processesRock landscapes and processesWater and riversGCSEEdexcel Created by: 14randalloliCreated on: 04-09-18 14:41 Glacial A cold period of time during which the Earth's glaciers expanded widely. 1 of 37 Glacier A moving body of ice. 2 of 37 Fluvial Processes Processes involving rivers. 3 of 37 Tectonic Plates Large surfaces of rock underneath the Earth's surfaces. 4 of 37 Carbon Dating Uses radioactive testing to find the age of rocks. 5 of 37 Geology Type of rock. 6 of 37 Afforestation Growing a forest of trees (opposite of deforestation). 7 of 37 Coast Where the land meets the sea 8 of 37 Concordant Coastline A coastline made up of both hard and soft rock running PARALLEL to the coastline meaning the rock erodes at different rate. 9 of 37 Discordant Coastline A coastline made up of both hard and soft rock running PERPENDICULAR to the coastline 10 of 37 Hydraulic Action When water is forced into cracks in the rock in cliffs, compressing the air thus forcing the rock apart. 11 of 37 Abrasion When loose rock (sediment) is thrown against the cliff, chipping parts off. 12 of 37 Attrition Loose sediment is swirled by the waves, smashing against other rocks. Eventually the sediment becomes smaller, smoother and more round. 13 of 37 Solution Acid in the waves erodes the chemical compounds creating a solution, so the rock has been dissolved. 14 of 37 Fetch How long and far the wind has been blowing over the sea, and how straight it is. 15 of 37 Constructive Waves Add sediment to a beach, low power and weak backwash. 16 of 37 Destructive Waves Take away sediment from a beach, high power and a strong backwash. 17 of 37 Longshore Drift (LSD) Process of deposition and transportation by waves on a beach. 18 of 37 Hard Engineering Structures built by people. 19 of 37 Soft Engineering Where the natural environment is used to help reduce coastal erosion and river flooding. 20 of 37 Tributaries Small rivers leading to a big river. 21 of 37 Source Start of the river. 22 of 37 Drainage Basin The area which is drained by a river and its tributaries. 23 of 37 Mouth Where the river ends. This is out on the coast. The river is slow and wide at this point. 24 of 37 Tributary A stream or river that flows into a mainstream river, which does not flow into a sea. 25 of 37 Confluence The meeting of two or more bodies of water, usually refers to the point where a tributary meets the main river body. 26 of 37 Watershed This line seperates drainage basins. It runs along a geographical barrier such as a ridge, hill or mountain. 27 of 37 Meander Bend in a river. 28 of 37 Drainage Density The total length of all the steams in the basin, divided by the total basin area. 29 of 37 River Profiles A way of identifying/showing how a river changes during its course. 30 of 37 Alluvium All deposits from a river. 31 of 37 Thalweg Easiest course for a river to take. 32 of 37 Peak Discharge Maximum discharge (cumecs) 33 of 37 Lag Time The time taken between peak rainfall and peak discharge. 34 of 37 Rising Limb Shows the increase in discharge on a hydrograph. 35 of 37 Falling Limb Shows the return of dishcarge to normal/base flow on a hydroraph. 36 of 37 Risk Assessment A systematic process of evaluating the potential risks that may be involved in an activity. 37 of 37
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