Photosynthesis- An introduction

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What organisms use photosynthesis?
Autotrophic organisms (organisms that make their own complex organic molecules)
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What are heterotrophic organisms?
Organisms which obtain their complex organic molecules by eating them
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What is the written equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + water = glucose + oxygen
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What is the balanced equation for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O = C6H12O6 + 6O2
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Where does photosynthesis occur?
In the chloroplasts
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Describe the structure of the chloroplast
Outer membrane (permeable to small molecules but not large), inner membrane (regulates passage of substances in and out of chloroplast), stroma (fluid filling the chloroplast), Thylakoid (flattened sacs containing pigments), grana (Thylakoid stacks)
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What does the stroma contain?
The thylakoid system, chloroplast DNA, ribosomes, starch globules and proteins
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What are pigment molecules?
Molecules that absorb certain wavelengths of light and reflect others
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What is the primary pigment in photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll a
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What colours does chlorophyll a absorb?
Mainly red and blue, reflects green (thats why it is a green pigment)
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Name some accessory pigments
Carotenoids, Xanthophylls and chlorophyll b ( they all absorb different wave lengths of light)
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Where are the accessory pigments found?
Embedded into the thylakoid membrane, forming a light harvesting system
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What is a light harvesting system?
A collection of accessory pigments that all absorb different wave lengths of light and transfer this energy, quickly and efficiently, to the reaction centre
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What is the reaction centre?
Where the reactions involved in photosynthesis occur, chlorophyll a is found in the reaction centre
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Collectively, what are the reaction centre and the light harvesting system known as?
A photosystem
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What are the 2 stages of photosynthesis?
Light dependant stage (sunlight used to form atp, water used to create the coenzyme NADPH (reduced NADP)) and the light-dependant stage (Hydrogen from NADPH and CO2 is used to build organic molecules eg glucose, with ATP supplying the energy)
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Card 2

Front

What are heterotrophic organisms?

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Organisms which obtain their complex organic molecules by eating them

Card 3

Front

What is the written equation for photosynthesis?

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Card 4

Front

What is the balanced equation for photosynthesis?

Back

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Card 5

Front

Where does photosynthesis occur?

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