Phobia Flashcards 0.0 / 5 ? PsychologyPhobiasUniversityOther Created by: Amy SinclairCreated on: 14-05-14 19:42 Definition of a phobia? A persistent fear leading to great anxiety that is: 1)Excessive, 2) Unreasonable and 3) Irrational. 1 of 16 3 types of phobia? 1) Simple/specific phobia, 2) Social phobia, 3) Agoraphobia. 2 of 16 Genetic Aetiology main points? 1) 20-40% heritability, 2) increased risk of phobia if family member has one. 3 of 16 Structures involved in the fear circuit? 1)Amygdala, 2)Medial Frontal Cortex 4 of 16 Neurotransmitters in the fear circuit? 1) Serotonin, 2) Noradrenaline, 3) GABA. 5 of 16 Behavioural Aetiology 2 main points? 1) Classical conditioning is the cause, 2) Operant conditioning maintains the phobia. 6 of 16 Observational learning main points? 1) Modelling - observe someone being fearful to something = fear. 2) Childrearing - overprotective parents/parents reactions. 7 of 16 Preparedness & Evolution main points? 1)Born with innate fear - things were real threats to ancestors, 2) Born wary of certain things. 3) Some argue fear is learned in first years. 8 of 16 Cognitive main points? 1) Caused by cognitive biases/maladaptive thinking, 2)Phobics attend to threat-relevant material more. 9 of 16 Psychodynamic main points? 1)Phobia = expression of unconscious conflicts. 2) Little Hans, 3) anxiety from repressed id drives. 4) Ego uses displacement/projection as defense. 10 of 16 What are the 2 behavioural therapies? 1) Systematic desensitisation. 2) Implosion Therapy/Flooding. 11 of 16 What happens in observational learning treatment? Watch filmed or live models dealing with phobic stimulus = less anxiety. 12 of 16 What are the 2 types of biomedical treatment? 1)Anti-anxiety drugs (minor tranquilisers). 2) Cortisol treatment. 13 of 16 What is used in psychotherapy? 1)Dream Analysis. 2) Free Association. 14 of 16 Is there a need for cognitive therapy? Person knows fear is irrational so little point changing thoughts BUT! can try to change beliefs if faulty/reappraise actual level of danger. 15 of 16 What is needed for maximum effectiveness of treatment? Integration of the different therapy options. 16 of 16
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