Philosophy: The Existence of God- Observation

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Aquinas' Teleological argument
Telos, meaning end. living things without knowledge all have a purpose which means they have an END goal so they are teleological. this purpose that everything has comes directly from the will of God.
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objection to Aquinas
modern biology will deny that everything has a purpose. much is a result of chance. some things show no significant purpose, and even if we see it as having a purpose, is the purpos in the thing itself or do we just see it as having purpose
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Paley's design argument
Watch analogy- world is too intricate and detailed for it to have come into existence by chance. much like if we came across a watch (wich we had never seen before) we would not think it just appeared, we would think it must have a designer.
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Hume's cabbage argument
what we choose to say the world is like shapes the argument. machine= machine maker. but if we said the wrold was like a cabbage, which leaves fit together perfectly and procides purpose as a healthy food. we would not infer that it was created
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Mill's objection to God's existence
Problem of evil- the existence of evil in nature cannot have been created by a good+powerful God. therefore flawed universe= flawed creator. the evil is not moral evil(free will) but in nature eg natural disasters. either flaws or bad designer
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Darwin's objection to God
Evolution shows that species develop fairly randomly. natural selection shows that those best suited to their environment live on and those who are not die out. 'nature, red in tooth and claw'- Tennyson, canto 56, Memoriam
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Aquinas' Cosmological argument
takes the same standpoint as Aristotle with is prime mover, but is known as unmoved mover and the first cause.
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motion
Motion- everything is moving, moving things set others into motion, no infinite regress-unmoved mover.
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causation
Causation, everything is caused, a caused thing causes other things, no IR so must be first cause.
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contingency
contingency, it is possible for things to exist and not exist, this means then at one point nothing existed. but things can't come into existence from bothing so must be a necessary thing that always exists in order for contingent things to exist.
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degrees
God is the pinnacle of perfection, without him we would not have anything to compare things to in order to develope degrees of perfection or good or bad. eg we know A is good because is the best, nothing is better, just like god
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

objection to Aquinas

Back

modern biology will deny that everything has a purpose. much is a result of chance. some things show no significant purpose, and even if we see it as having a purpose, is the purpos in the thing itself or do we just see it as having purpose

Card 3

Front

Paley's design argument

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Hume's cabbage argument

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Mill's objection to God's existence

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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