Define Omnipotence, Omniscience and Omnibenevolence
God is: All Powerful, All knowing and All loving
1 of 26
How can the Omni's be disputed?
The Paradox of the stone & The Euthyphro dilemma
2 of 26
Explain Anslems Ontological Argument?
We can think of a GPB (Greatest Possible being) Existence in reality is greater than existence in the mind alone. If a being exists only in the mind, then theres a greater being. Therefore the GPB must exist in reality. God=GPB
3 of 26
How does Gaunilo criticise Anselm's argument?
We could use that argument to prove the existence of anything we can imagine like the perfect island. It doesn't make it real
4 of 26
How did Anselm respond to this criticism?
The argument only works for necessary beings of which there is only one- God.
5 of 26
What is a Fallacy?
A Flaw in reasoning. Something that weakens an argument
6 of 26
What was Kant's objection to Anselms argument?
He said Existence is not a predicate. (Something thats said of another object) If God exists then he must be the greatest being imaginable, but that does not mean that he exists.
7 of 26
What is Descartes ontological argument?
The concept of God is a supremely perfect being. Existence is a perfection. A supremely perfect being must have all perfections. Therefore God exists.
8 of 26
What is Leibniz's Ontological argument?
Every existing thing has an explanation of its existence. If the universe as an existing thing has an explanation of its existence, it must be God. God exists.
9 of 26
What is Paley's design argument/teleological?
Look at a watch and see its intricate design. It must have a creator. The intricate design of the world must then point to a creator. Creator must be God.
10 of 26
What is Teleological?
Goal oriented or purposeful. To see the teleology of an object is to see its purpose.
11 of 26
How can Paleys watch theory be disputed?
A watch has obvious design and purpose. However, a human body can allow for illness, eyes have blind spots etc. Not perfect
12 of 26
How did Paley respond to this?
It doesn't matter whether we can understand how something was created but just that it was created. And that can still point to a creator
13 of 26
What did David Hume say about Paleys theory?
A flawed world implies a flawed creator. With all the mistakes in the world, the world is flawed and the creator did not create everything with perfect intentions.
14 of 26
How does Richard Swinburne modernise the Teleological argument?
He said its simply more probable that God designed the world than it coming about through random evolutionary chance
15 of 26
What is Aquinas's first way? (Cosmological Argument)
Motion- We live in a world where things are moving. Movement is caused by movers. There must have been a first unmoved mover that caused motion in everything else, otherwise there would be infinite regress. Must be God.
16 of 26
What is Aquinas's second way?
Causation-Some things are caused. Anything thats caused has to be caused by something else. Must have been a first causer which is itself, uncaused. Must be God.
17 of 26
What is Aquinas's third way?
Contingency- Our existence is contingent upon other things. There had to be something that stopped an infinite regress of contingency. There had to be one necessary being, a being that cant not exist. Must be God.
18 of 26
What is Descartes Cosmological argument?
I have an idea of God. The idea is of a supremely perfect being. Existence is a perfection. Therefore God exists
19 of 26
What is the Kalam Cosmological argument?
Everything that begins to exist must have a cause. The universe began to exist. Therefore the universe had a cause. Cause must be God.
20 of 26
What is the problem of evil?
How can God exist in such an evil and cruel world? If God is Omniscient he knows of Evil. If he is Omnipotent, he could stop it. If he is Omnibenevolent doesn't he feel sorry for the evil he's created.
21 of 26
What is a theodicy?
An attempt to show that the existence of evil doesn't rule out the existence of God.
22 of 26
What is the Free will Defense theodicy?
God maximised the goodness in the world by creating free beings. And being free means that we have the choice to do evil things.
23 of 26
What is a problem with the free will defense?
Only addresses moral evil-evil committed on purpose by humans. The free will defense does not explain natural evil.
24 of 26
Explain Hicks Soul making philosophy?
Evil is good for our world. Humans need to grow to be a particular type of being in an environment that allows that.
25 of 26
What was Aquinas's design argument?
The archer shooting the arrow- law of gravity. Some things in nature follow certain rules that lead to certain results. An arrow hits a target on its own without having a mind of its own. Someone with a mind of its own caused the world to bethisway=G
Comments
No comments have yet been made