Philosophy- Life, Death and Beyond

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What belief do Catholics hold about resurrection?
Have a dualistic belief
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At what point do Priests perform certain traditions?
Approaching death
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What do Catholics think about death?
Not to be afraid of death as their soul is resurrected
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What does the doctrine of the soul allow for Catholics?
For their soul to live on
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What view on death do Buddhists have?
A cyclical view
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What do Buddhists believe about death?
That they will be reborn after they die
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Where does morality come from for Buddhists?
Karma
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What type of burial do Buddhists have?
Sky burials
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What is the supreme aim of Buddhism?
To obtain nirvana
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What view do Hindus have on the soul?
Cyclical reincarnation of the soul
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What is the main goal for Hindus?
Moksha
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What are the four rituals for Hindus?
Body preparation, ceremony, cremation and after cremation
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Why is ritual purification important for Hindus?
Helps Hindu's make sense of life and gives them a meaning. It also maintains purity into the next life
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Why do Hindus believe in cremation?
Body has to be fully destroyed from the cycle of samsara and to reach MOKSHA
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What is the significance of death in the New Testament?
Back to dust and death is only a form of sleep
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What does Islam teach about death?
Death is not meant to be feared and everyone has an afterlife
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Where do Muslims believe they go to?
Paradise
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What are the rituals involved for a Muslim?
Body is ritually washed (ghosl)
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What do the rituals show to a Muslim?
Rituals show that you are being cleaned from sin and going to paradise
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What is death one of the aspects of Islam?
6 Fundamental aspects of Islam
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What do Humanists trust?
Trust scientific method and reject the idea of the supernatural
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What do Humanists make ethical decisions based on?
Reason and empathy
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What do humanists believe (in the absence of an afterlife)?
Human beings can act to give their own lives meaning by seeking happiness in this life
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What are Humanist funerals like?
The celebrant works closely with the family to create a unique and personal ceremony
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What is a quotation from H.H. Price?
'It is easy enough to conceive that experiences might occur after one's death'
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What did H.H.Price argue?
Post mortem perception is broadly similar to experiences in dreams
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What did H.H.Price believe about images from life?
That they could be available through memory after death
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What book did Gilbert Ryle write?
The Concept of the Mind
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What did Gilbert Ryle argue?
That the soul is a feature of a person- like a characteristic
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What did Bernard Williams come up with?
Spatio- temporal continuity
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What did Williams teach?
That there is an unbroken chain of continuation through space and time
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What breaks this spatio-temporal continuity?
Death breaks this
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What does William believes happens at death?
That the body decays and ceases to exist
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How many tiers of the Afterlife did Dante think there was?
3 tiers: heaven, hell and purgatory
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According to Dante, who is each circle of hell reserved for?
Those who have committed specific sins
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What is Dante's book?
The Divine Comedy
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How many parts did Dante split heaven into?
10 parts
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What did St. Augustine say about hell?
That it was a nasty torment beyond 'imagination'
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What is platonic dualism?
That the soul and body are separate but interact with eachother
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How can platonic dualism be used in an essay?
A theist and atheist viewpoint
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What did Ancient Egyptians originally think?
That only Pharaohs survived death
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How many elements are there to a human being according to Ancient Egyptians?
5
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What is the KA according to Ancient Egyptians?
A shadow of a person
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What theory did John Hicks come up with?
The replica theory
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What is the replica theory?
That if a person dies on earth, but immediately appears on the planet Jupiter it can be argued as the same person
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What does the 'replica theory' act as?
A secular viewpoint on death
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What did Charles Darwin say about death?
That our lives have no given meaning or purpose
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What are humans according to Darwin?
'Of Ape'
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Who is Pam Reynolds?
An example of someone who had a near death experience
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What happened to Pam Reynolds?
Underwent a rare operation, heart beat and breathing was stopped
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What did Dr. Susan Blackmore say about NDEs?
That NDEs are a function of the brain
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What did Dr. Deepak Chorpa argue about paranormal phenomena?
That bodies are made up of energy- may appear solid but we are just impulses of energy
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What are alternative explanations of paranormal phenomena?
Hoax, Mistaken belief and the 'stone tape' theory
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What did Sigmund Freud say about the afterlife?
That it is a wishful fulfillment and is a way of coping with a fear of death
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What is a quotation from Freud about the afterlife?
Religion is 'nothing more than psychological processes projected into the outer world'
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What did Stephen Hawking regard the brain as?
'A computer which will stop working when its components fail'
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What is a Stephen Hawking quotation?
'We should seek the greatest value of our action'
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Name some different types of burial ceremonies from around the world
Pit Burial FIre Burial and Air Sacrifiice
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What are arguments for Christians beliefs in the beyond being irrelevant today?
No evidence, pre-determinism, no scientific proof
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What are arguments against Christian beliefs in the beyond being irrelevant today?
Millenialism, NDEs and Afrikan Calvanists
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What is a quotation from Islam that you could use about life after death?
'Then God will cause you to die, and then revive you, and then you will be returned with God'
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What does Peter Geach say about reincarnation?
Rejects reincarnation on the grounds that the link with the person who has died cannot be establsihed
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What does Geach argue about reincarnation?
That it is an implausible concept of life after death
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What is a quotation from the NT about resurrection?
'I believe in the resurrection of the body, the life everlasting'
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What did Pascal Wager teach about life after death?
That if you don't know if there is an afterlife, it makes logical sense for you to believe in God than not too
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What did Richard Dawkins refer to the afterlife as?
'The delusional next world'
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What did Epicurrus say about life after death?
That 'death is no concern to us, for while we exist, death isn't present'
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What did Mark Twain argue about life after death?
That a fear of death is ridiculous as we are dead for millions of years
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What is a quotation from secular Anthony Flew?
'Can a man witness his own funeral'
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What did Immanuel Kant say about life after death?
That there has to be an afterlife for his moral argument for the existence of God to work
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What is a monistic view on life after death?
Once we die that is it - we are only physical bodies
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What did Richard Swinburne say about life after death?
Rejects Darwin's theory- most important aspects of our lives cannot be explained in physical terms
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Who put forward the theory of 'disembodided existence'?
Richard Swinburne- belief that we can survive without a body
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

At what point do Priests perform certain traditions?

Back

Approaching death

Card 3

Front

What do Catholics think about death?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What does the doctrine of the soul allow for Catholics?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What view on death do Buddhists have?

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Preview of the front of card 5
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