Philosophy

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  • Created by: chelseat
  • Created on: 01-04-16 08:48
What is the role of God?
temporal first cause, sustainer of motion and causation, an explanation of why there is something rather than nothing and necessary
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What does temporal first cause mean?
He created a physical world that has time, supported by WLC
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What does sustainer of motion and causation mean?
Cause in esse, everything is dependent on God for its existence
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What does as an explanation of why there is something rather than nothing mean?
Infinite regress does not explain this. Principle of sufficient reason suggests the need for an explanation, has to be something outside of time and space
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What does necessary mean?
We live and die and it is possible for any given moment for us to live or to die and we are finite in number. If we didnt exist at one time, and IR is rejected there must have been nothing. But since we exist there is something that is necessary.
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Hume - weakness
CA is not a posteriori as we didnt experience the start of the universe. Aquinas made an inductive leap by assuming that two separate events are connected.
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Kant - weakness
'There must be a cause for everything' only applies to sensory experiences. Didnt experience start of universe so therefore no justification for God being the cause
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Russell - weakness
Fallacy of Composition 'humanity has a mother since humans have a mother'/the universe 'Just is' its a 'Brute Fact'/ and eternal universe more plausible than eternal God
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Hume - weakness
'If we only see one side of the scae rise, we can assume that something heavier than it is on the other side. However, we cannot infer what that thing is' to do so would be n inductive leap
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Russell - weakness
'The properties of the parts of the whole cannot be applied to the whole'.
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Minkowski - weakness
Einsteinian physics has resulted in further difficulties for the CA. The unity of time and space means that time before space is impossible. To talk of 'causes' before time is absurd.
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Copleston - strength
The universe needs a being that must and cannot not exist. the creation of the universe was cause in fieri but God is cause in esse. he created and sustains life and our existence
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Swinburne - strength
The existence of the universe itself is highly illogical. Thus the existence of things seems to imply some creator who is self-sufficient and necessary.
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Leibniz - strength
Manages to avoid the problem of IR. Nothing takes place without sufficient reason AKA Principle of Sufficient Reason. As the world does not contain in itself the reason for its existence, God must exist.
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Leibniz - strength
If you suppose the world eternal you suppose nothing but a succession of states and will not find in any of them sufficient reason.
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Thomson - strength
Big Bang theory backs up Aquinas' argument as it points to an original start to the universe which could be God in some religious interpretations. This pays credence to Aquinas' concept of contingency and finite universe which in not eternal.
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William Lane Craig - strength
Kalam argument. Everything THAT BEGINS to exist has a cause. The universe BEGAN to exist. God is eternal so doesnt need a cause.
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Science - Anthony Kenny
Everything is moved by something else. Nothing moves itself. However, goes against the fact that people and animals move themselves. But motion for Aquinas means any change not just movement.
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Hume - weakness
'If we only see one side of the scae rise, we can assume that something heavier than it is on the other side. However, we cannot infer what that thing is' to do so would be n inductive leap
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Russell - weakness
'The properties of the parts of the whole cannot be applied to the whole'.
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Minkowski - weakness
Einsteinian physics has resulted in further difficulties for the CA. The unity of time and space means that time before space is impossible. To talk of 'causes' before time is absurd.
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Copleston - strength
The universe needs a being that must and cannot not exist. the creation of the universe was cause in fieri but God is cause in esse. he created and sustains life and our existence
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Swinburne - strength
The existence of the universe itself is highly illogical. Thus the existence of things seems to imply some creator who is self-sufficient and necessary.
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Leibniz - strength
Manages to avoid the problem of IR. Nothing takes place without sufficient reason AKA Principle of Sufficient Reason. As the world does not contain in itself the reason for its existence, God must exist.
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Leibniz - strength
If you suppose the world eternal you suppose nothing but a succession of states and will not find in any of them sufficient reason.
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Thomson - strength
Big Bang theory backs up Aquinas' argument as it points to an original start to the universe which could be God in some religious interpretations. This pays credence to Aquinas' concept of contingency and finite universe which in not eternal.
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William Lane Craig - strength
Kalam argument. Everything THAT BEGINS to exist has a cause. The universe BEGAN to exist. God is eternal so doesnt need a cause.
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Science - Anthony Kenny
Everything is moved by something else. Nothing moves itself. However, goes against the fact that people and animals move themselves. But Aquinas' motion is any change not just movement
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Science - Newtons Law of Motion
A body's velocity will remain unchanged unless some other force-such as friction-acted upon them. They say that the forces cause movement, not God. Motion can be explained by the Principle of Inertia.
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Science - steady state theory Sir Fred Hoyle
refutes the 3rd way. suggests the universe is eternal. denies a beginning to the universe. Energy cannot be created so the universe will always weigh the same but the energy will be distributed. However, the universe is expanding (Big Bang)-rejected
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Science - Big Bang Theory
can be used to support/oppose. proof that the universe is not infinite. empirical proof of the universe expanding. However, might not have been an explosion - just an expansion. Needs to be a reason. Supports God of classical theism
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

He created a physical world that has time, supported by WLC

Back

What does temporal first cause mean?

Card 3

Front

Cause in esse, everything is dependent on God for its existence

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Infinite regress does not explain this. Principle of sufficient reason suggests the need for an explanation, has to be something outside of time and space

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

We live and die and it is possible for any given moment for us to live or to die and we are finite in number. If we didnt exist at one time, and IR is rejected there must have been nothing. But since we exist there is something that is necessary.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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