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6. Which two substances are formed when AChE breaks down ACh?
- Acetyl CoA & Cholinesterase
- Acetic Acid & Choline
- Acetic Acid & Cholinesterase
- Acetylsalicylic Acid & Choline
7. If Suxamethonium is given to a patient with Myasthenia Gravis, what will be the effect on the depolarizing block?
- It will be enhanced to such an extent that the patient with MG will spontaneously combust
- Reduced
- No effect
- Enhanced
8. If you suspect organophosphate poisoning, which drug should be given ASAP (within 10 mins)?
- Pralidoxime
- Tetrodotoxin
- Physostigmine
- Suxamethonium
9. What is the speed of onset of Vecuronium?
- 4-10mins
- 2-4mins
- 1-2mins
- 10-20mins
10. Both Vecuronium and Suxamethonium are metabolised, but they differ in their method of clearance. How is Suxamethonium cleared?
- Plasma Cholinesterase
- Liver metabolism & voided in urine
- Flatulence
- Passed out in faeces
11. Which of the following groups of people are most at risk from organophosphate poisoning?
- Farmers
- Bankers
- Doctors
- Postal workers
12. What is Vecuronium commonly used for?
- Blood vessel relaxation (treatment of hypertension)
- Prevent heart attacks (beta blocker)
- Muscle relaxation (anaesthesia)
- Sphincter relaxation (laxative)
13. How do organophosphates cause respiratory paralysis?
- Causes release of too much ACh at the NMJ
- Causes the explosion of all NMJs in the lungs
- Bind irreversibly to AChE, preventing breakdown of ACh at NMJ
- Prevents release of ACh vesicles from the pre-synaptic knob
14. How does tetrodotoxin act?
- It systemically blocks the sodium channels involved in propagating the nerve impulse
- It systemically blocks the calcium channels involved in propagating the nerve impulse
- It systemically blocks the action of AChE in breaking down ACh in the synaptic cleft
- It systemically blocks the release of ACh by breaking down the ACh vesicles whilst they are still in the pre-synaptic knob
15. Which of the following enzymes break down suxamethonium?
- Suxamethonium Cholinesterases
- Acetyl Cholinesterases
- Suxadeconstructases
- Plasma Cholinesterases
16. What is the duration of action of Vecuronium?
- 10-20mins
- 30-40mins
- 5-10mins
- 20-30mins
17. What is a Mini End Plate Potential (MEPP)?
- A small depolarization that reaches the threshold value, caused by ACh fusing without an axonal signal
- A small depolarization that does not reach the threshold value, caused by AChE fusing without an axonal signal
- A small depolarization that does not reach the threshold value, caused by ACh fusing without an axonal signal
- A large depolarization that does not reach the threshold value, caused by ACh fusing without an axonal signal
18. What are the possible post-operative effects of Suxamethonium?
- Muscle pain
- Loss of sphincter control
- Ignorance
- Bone fragmentation
19. What is the duration of action of Suxamethonium?
- ~30mins
- ~10mins
- ~5mins
- ~20mins
20. Complete the sentence: Whole muscle contraction is...
- ...an annoying thing
- ...a series of synchronous muscle fibre twitches
- ...a summation of the muscle fibre twitches
- ...a partial response