Pharmacology lecture 5

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Name the three parental routes
1) Intravenous 2) Intramuscular 3) Subcutaneous
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Where does first pass metabolism occur?
Intestine and liver
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What type of drug is preferentially absorbed in in the stomach?
Weak base
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What is the pH range of the stomach?
ph 6 in the duodenum to ph 7.4 in the terminal ileum
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What do the enterocytes of the stomach contain?
Drug metabolising enzymes and transporters
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Give three examples of sublingual route drugs
Tablets, films, sprays
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What is the sublingual route?
Drug diffusion straight into the capillary network --> direct into the systemic circulation
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What do drugs using the sublingual route bypass?
Bypasses the enterocytes and liver
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Give two examples of rectal route drugs
Suppositories, enemas
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How is rectal route drugs useful?
Useful if the patient is vomiting
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Give two examples of transdermal drugs
Patches, gels
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What are transdermal drugs (solubility)?
Lipid soluble
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Give two examples of vaginal route drugs
Solutions, creams, gels
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What do vaginal route drugs bypass?
Bypass GI and hepatic 1st pass metabolism
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When does the pH of the vagina vary?
Menstruation, menopause, after intercourse
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Give two examples of inhaled drugs
Gases, solutions, powders
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What does size control in inhaled drugs?
Absorption
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What helps drugs pass through membranes more easily? If they are...
uncharged/lipophilic
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What is Cmax?
Maximum concentration of compound after administration
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What is Tmax?
Time at which Cmax is reached
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What does AUC stand for?
Area Under Curve
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What is AUC a measure of?
Systemic exposure
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What are the units of AUC?
concentration x time
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What does bioavailability measure?
The extent of absorption after extravascular administration
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What is the bioavailability of an intravenous drug?
100%
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How do you calculate bioavailability?
(AUC oral/AUC) x (dose i.v/dose oral)
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What does the rate constant measure?
Speed of absorption
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Where does first pass metabolism occur?

Back

Intestine and liver

Card 3

Front

What type of drug is preferentially absorbed in in the stomach?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the pH range of the stomach?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What do the enterocytes of the stomach contain?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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