Pharmacology lecture 5 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyDrug absorptionUniversityNone Created by: willmiddlehamCreated on: 27-03-15 16:08 Name the three parental routes 1) Intravenous 2) Intramuscular 3) Subcutaneous 1 of 27 Where does first pass metabolism occur? Intestine and liver 2 of 27 What type of drug is preferentially absorbed in in the stomach? Weak base 3 of 27 What is the pH range of the stomach? ph 6 in the duodenum to ph 7.4 in the terminal ileum 4 of 27 What do the enterocytes of the stomach contain? Drug metabolising enzymes and transporters 5 of 27 Give three examples of sublingual route drugs Tablets, films, sprays 6 of 27 What is the sublingual route? Drug diffusion straight into the capillary network --> direct into the systemic circulation 7 of 27 What do drugs using the sublingual route bypass? Bypasses the enterocytes and liver 8 of 27 Give two examples of rectal route drugs Suppositories, enemas 9 of 27 How is rectal route drugs useful? Useful if the patient is vomiting 10 of 27 Give two examples of transdermal drugs Patches, gels 11 of 27 What are transdermal drugs (solubility)? Lipid soluble 12 of 27 Give two examples of vaginal route drugs Solutions, creams, gels 13 of 27 What do vaginal route drugs bypass? Bypass GI and hepatic 1st pass metabolism 14 of 27 When does the pH of the vagina vary? Menstruation, menopause, after intercourse 15 of 27 Give two examples of inhaled drugs Gases, solutions, powders 16 of 27 What does size control in inhaled drugs? Absorption 17 of 27 What helps drugs pass through membranes more easily? If they are... uncharged/lipophilic 18 of 27 What is Cmax? Maximum concentration of compound after administration 19 of 27 What is Tmax? Time at which Cmax is reached 20 of 27 What does AUC stand for? Area Under Curve 21 of 27 What is AUC a measure of? Systemic exposure 22 of 27 What are the units of AUC? concentration x time 23 of 27 What does bioavailability measure? The extent of absorption after extravascular administration 24 of 27 What is the bioavailability of an intravenous drug? 100% 25 of 27 How do you calculate bioavailability? (AUC oral/AUC) x (dose i.v/dose oral) 26 of 27 What does the rate constant measure? Speed of absorption 27 of 27
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