Pharmacology lecture 12

?
What does stimulation of M3 receptors of the parasympathetic system do?
INCREASES IP3. Results in bronchoconstriction and increase mucus secretion
1 of 18
What does stimulation of B2 receptors by adrenaline do?
INCREASES cAMP. Results in smooth muscle relaxation and bronchodilation.
2 of 18
What does inhibitory NO do on bronchial smooth muscle?
Smooth muscle relaxation and bronchodilation
3 of 18
What does excitatory substance P and neurokinin A, on bronchial smooth muscle do?
Smooth muscle contraction and bronchoconstriction
4 of 18
What are the 3 effects of asthma?
1) Acute airway obstruction caused by contraction of the airway smooth muscle 2) Mucus hypersecretion and thickening 3) Airway inflammation
5 of 18
What are the 2 phases of asthma?
Immediate phase and late/delayed phase
6 of 18
What goes on during the immediate phase of asthma?
Bronchoconstriction / Interaction with mast cells / Release of spasmogens - histamine, leukotrienes / Bronchospasm / Release chemotaxins, LTB4 attraction of leucocytes
7 of 18
What goes on during the late/delayed phase of asthma?
1) Progressing inflammatory response - vasodilation, oedema, and mucus secretion 2) Influx of cytokine releasing lymphocytes and eosinophils - long lasting damage to bronchial tissue, hyper reactivity of bronchial tissue
8 of 18
What are 3 bronchodilators?
B2 agonists, muscarinic antagonists, xanthines
9 of 18
How are B2 agonists given, what do they do and what are the side effects?
Inhalation, dilate the bronchi - inhibits mediator release from mast cells, side effects: tolerance and tremor
10 of 18
What does stimulation of the B2 receptor do?
Activation of adenylyl cyclase, increased cAMP, smooth muscle relaxation and bronchodilation
11 of 18
What do xanthines do?
Bronchodilation - blocks phosphodiesterase III and IV, increases cAMP. Anti-inflammatory properties
12 of 18
What do muscarinic antagonists do?
Block M3 mediated bronchoconstriction - dilate bronchi. Block M3 mediated smooth muscle contraction - decrease mucus secretion
13 of 18
Give an example of a muscarinic antagonist and how it is administered.
Ipratropium - given by inhalation
14 of 18
What do glucocorticoids do?
Induce synthesis of polypeptide lipocortin which inhibits phospholipase A2 so decrease production of inflammatory mediators --> Suppress the inflammatory response
15 of 18
Give an example of a glucocorticoid, how it is given and the side effects
Beclomethasone, inhalation, oral candidiasis and Cushing like syndrome
16 of 18
What does sodium cromolyn prevent?
The release of histamine and inflammatory mediators. Inhibit hyper-responsitivity
17 of 18
What do drugs used for coughs do?
1) DECREASE sensory receptors sensitivity 2) DECREASE sensitivity of cough centre in the brain (hypothalamus) - opiate receptor agonists, codeine
18 of 18

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What does stimulation of B2 receptors by adrenaline do?

Back

INCREASES cAMP. Results in smooth muscle relaxation and bronchodilation.

Card 3

Front

What does inhibitory NO do on bronchial smooth muscle?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What does excitatory substance P and neurokinin A, on bronchial smooth muscle do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are the 3 effects of asthma?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Biology resources:

See all Biology resources »See all Drugs used to treat asthma and drugs affecting the respiratory system resources »