Perspectives in Education (Functionalism + Marxism)
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- Created by: Charlieshenton01
- Created on: 07-02-20 18:14
Durkheim (Functionalist)
School creates social solidarity by secondary socialising individuals and by teaching them specialist skills needed for society in order to bring them together, showing collectivism and social integration.
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Parsons (Functionalist)
School is the bridge between home and the wider society. It is a meritocratic institution that creates equal opportunities by measuring achievement by one's own efforts.
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Davis and Moore (Functionalists)
Education is for role allocation, where every role is needed within society and individuals are allocated their role based on their own talents.
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Criticisms of the Functionalist Perspective on Education
Only works when there is a single shared culture as it ignores the negatives.
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The Marxist Criticism of the Functionalist Perspective on Education
School reproduces ruling class ideology as achievement is based on class not meritocracy.
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The New Right Criticism of the Functionalist Perspective on Education
Education fails to prepare young people for the work place.
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The Interactionist Criticism of the Functionalist Perspective on Education
Functionalists have an 'over socialised' view as they assume that everyone conforms.
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Bowles and Gintis (Marxists)
The correspondence principle that runs through the hidden curriculum shows how school corresponds to work as they are taught to conform within a capitalist society.
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Bourdieu (Marxist)
Education is for the middle class, whose culture is reproduced through school, which commits symbolic violence against the working class.
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Althusser (Neo-Marxist)
Education is an ideological state apparatus which maintains, legitamises and reproduces class inequalities as it creates a docile and obediant workforce that wont challenge authority.
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Henry Gilroux (Neo-Marxist)
The working class do not passively accept everything they are taught but shape their own education and sometimes resist e.g. subcultures.
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Paul Willis (Neo-Marxist)
Studied working class boys who did not need school to prepare them for the workplace and therefore adapted a counter school subculture as a way of rejecting school so that they could go straight into work.
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Criticisms of the Marxist Perspective on Education
Most people are aware of inequalities so are not as blind to it as Marxists point out. In additon to this, there is a deate as to whether education is really controlled by the ruling class.
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The Feminist Criticism of the Marxist Perspective on Education
They ignore that education also reproduces patriarchy and gender inequalities - not just class inequalities
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The Postmodernist Criticism of the Marxist Perspective on Education
They are outdated as todays economy requires a different workforce which is more about teamwork rather than obediance (Brown 1997), where some education encourages critical thinking (Reynolds 1984).
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The Feminist Perspective On Education
There are gender differences within the education system. They believe that the hidden curriculum unofficially reinforces gender differences + there are still these differences within subject choices, showing how gender stereotyping still exists.
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Liberal Feminism and Education
They see that girls now typically outperform boys within education + believe that the 'future is female'. They believe that education seems to only benefit girls, which has led to more women getting into politics + other high paying job roles.
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Radical Feminism and Education
Argue the patriarchy still works throughout schools to reinforce traditional gender norms which disadvantage girls. Despite improvements in girls ed, subject choices still remain heavily gendered + girls do not seem to be breaking the glass ceiling.
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Marxist Feminists and Education
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Criticisms Of The Feminist Perspecitve On Education
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The New Right Perspective On Education
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Criticisms Of The New Right Perspective On Education
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The Social Democratic Perspective On Education
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Criticisms Of The Social Democratic Perspective On Education
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The Postmodernist Perspective On Education
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Criticisms Of The Postmodernist Perspective On Education
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
School is the bridge between home and the wider society. It is a meritocratic institution that creates equal opportunities by measuring achievement by one's own efforts.
Back
Parsons (Functionalist)
Card 3
Front
Education is for role allocation, where every role is needed within society and individuals are allocated their role based on their own talents.
Back
Card 4
Front
Only works when there is a single shared culture as it ignores the negatives.
Back
Card 5
Front
School reproduces ruling class ideology as achievement is based on class not meritocracy.
Back
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