Perkin Warbeck's Rebellion (1491-99)

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  • Created by: aneta002
  • Created on: 18-04-18 09:44
How long did PW's rebellion last?
8 years (1491-99)
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Who did PW claim to be?
Richard, Duke of York who was Richard IIIs son
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1st attempt - Deal. Kent (1945)
Warbeck attempted a landing at deal in Kent with 300 soldiers. When he failed to get any local support he fled - this was a clear failure as an army of 300 was far too small
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Why did Warbeck get support from MOB?
Margaret of Burgundy was keen to get Henry Tudor off the throne and restore the Yorkist line. Warbeck presented an opportnity for her to create a figurehead to focus opposition
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Foreign support in Ireland
When PW arrived in Cork, Ireland, the reception was mixed. The people of Cork were interested whereas the Earl of Kildare was reluctant to get involved directly
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Other Foreign Support
Warbeck wrote to other European leaders and Charles VII did not help
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William Stanley
WS was Henry's step-uncle that was previously responsible for him winning the BOB. Stanley betayed Henry and Sir Richard Clifford agreed with Stanley that he would go abroad and speak with PW
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The aftermath of William Stanley
Sir RC informed Henry Tudor about Lord Stanley's betrayal. Stanley was tried and convincted of treason and executed the following month. However, Stanley's execution did not serve a proper warning to Warbeck as he still persisted
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How many times did Warbeck try to invade?
3 times - in 1495, 1496 and 1497
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2nd Attempt - Scotland (1497)
After Warbeck's failue in Deal he moved to Scotland & gained support from James IV. In Scotland, Warbeck was relatively safe and so this was a potential place to launch an invasion.
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2nd Attempt - Scotland (1497)
In September 1496, Warbeck tried to invade England with a small force of 1,400. Simnel failed to gain enough support in the North and retreatd back to Scotland
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The rise of taxes in 1497
In order to deal with Warbeck's threat of invasion, Henry was forced to ask for permission from Parliament to raise taxes in order to form an army against Warbeck - sparking the 1497 Cornish rebellion
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1497 Cornish Rebellion
As a result in the rise in taxes, provoked a rebellion in June 1497 from Cornish rebels. 15,000 rebels protested the tax demanded to pay to fight a war at the end of the country. They attempted to march on the London
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Aftermath of the 1497 Cornish Rebellion
Due to this rebellion, this forced Henry to drastically change his plans. Henry diverted his troops intended for the defeat in the North. These troops met the rebels in Blackheath, Kent and won a decisive victory over the poorly equipped rebels
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How many people died due to the Cornish rebellion?
Accounts from around the time suggest that around 1,000 people died
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Warbeck's 3rd Attempt at a rebellion
Warbeck landed near land’s end aiming to take advantage of the recent unrest in the region to provoke a rebellion against the Tudor dynasty. By now, the army of 1.4K men had turned into 300 men
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Warbeck's 3rd Attempt at a rebellion - Support
– although he attracted between 3K + 8K men from Cornwall, he was not able to attract the gentry and nobility of the South West.
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Warbeck's 3rd Attempt at a rebellion - Defeat
Edward Courtenay defended Exeter against the rebels. The rebels were driven out of the city by the soldiers and citizens .
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Warbeck's 3rd Attempt at a rebellion - Defeat
Warbeck and his remaining men then moved on to Taunton. Here, they were trapped by advancing royal forces. Warbeck’s remaining supporters melted away and he was quickly captured as he tried to escape
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The Aftermath of the Warbeck Challenge
Warbeck was placed in the royal court and not formally imprisoned as henry was prepared to treat him well. Henry saw Warbeck as the unfortunate puppet of more powerful men + women e.g. Margaret of Burgundy.
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The Aftermath of the Warbeck Challenge
Warbeck tried to escape and was arrested and put in the Tower. In the tower, Warbeck either tried to plot with the Earl of Warwick (who had been there since 1485) or he was tricked + framed.
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The Aftermath of the Warbeck Challenge
Warbeck + Warwick were tried for treason. Warbeck was convicted and hanged as he was considered to be a commoner. Whereas, Warwick was given the ‘noble’ death and was beheaded
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How did Henry VIII overcome this challenge?
Acts of Attainder / Bonds & Recognisances / A system of rewards & punishments / Foreign alliances with Spain
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What is a bond?
A written agreement meant to guarantee good behaviour. A person signing a bond would agree to pay a certain amount of money if they broke the terms of their bond
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What is a recognisance? - Part 1
A way of dealing with someone who had already misbehaved. They were required to pay an agreed sum if they broke the law again.
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What is a recognisance? - Part 2
They were also required to find friends + family who would vouch for them by agreeing to pay a fine if the subject of the recognisance continued to cause trouble. Bonds and recognisances would only be paid if the subject broke the agreement
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Conclusion
The plot was finally over. It had dragged on so long because of the foreign support. The importance was though, Henry had succeeded in keeping the throne but there was very much still those unable to support the Tudor Dynasty.
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Conclusion - why was PWs threat serious?
Warbeck's threat was serious as it lasted for 8 years, gained foreign support from powerful leaders e.g. MOB / he was extremely persisted and attempted to invade 3 times / he had to be executed
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Conclusion - why was PWs threat unserious
PW’s threat was not as dangerous as LSs as it did not cause a battle to occur. Also, LS had much more support than PW with 4,000 Irish and 2,000 German mercenaries / PW landed too three months late with his army from Scotland in September 1497.
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Why was Warbeck's attempt to invade in September 1497 useless?
His attempt to invade was pointless as the Cornish had already tried to invade in June with a much larger army and were defeated
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What is 'The Treaty of medina del campo'
Henry used his children to create foreign alliances which helped to enhance the prestige of Tudor dynasty in the eyes of important foreign powers. In 1489, he achieved a significant alliance with Spain - the 1st time Henry was acknowledged
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Who did PW claim to be?

Back

Richard, Duke of York who was Richard IIIs son

Card 3

Front

1st attempt - Deal. Kent (1945)

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Why did Warbeck get support from MOB?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Foreign support in Ireland

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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