Periodicity of Period 3

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  • Created by: Jessinoch
  • Created on: 31-12-17 10:47
How does Na react with water?
Sodium reacts with cold water - it produces sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas and fizzes around on the surface.
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How does magnesium differ with reactions of steam and cold water?
Magnesium reacts very slowly with cold water to form the hydroxide and hydrogen gas. Magnesium reacts more readily with steam to form the oxide and hydrogen gas.
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How do the period 3 elements react with oxygen? (Na, Mg, Al, Si, P and S)
They all react with oxygen to form oxides. Sodium burns with a yellow flame producing a white solid. Mg, Al, Si and P all burn with a white flame to give white solid smoke and S burns with a blue flame to produce an acidic choking gas.
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Why is sodium stored under oil and phosphorus under water?
To stop these elements coming into contact and reacting with air.
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What are the structures of the metal oxides?
(Na2O, MgO and Al2O3) are ionic with high melting points due to their ionic giant lattice structures. This is due to the large electronegativity difference between the metal and O. Increased charge from Na to Al makes the ionic forces stronger.
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How would you experimentally prove the compounds contain ions?
By melting the solids and showing they conduct electricity.
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What is the structure of SiO2?
Macromolecular - has many very strong covalent bonds between atoms resulting in high melting and boiling points.
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What are the structures of P4O10 and SO2?
Simple molecular with weak intermolecular forces between molecules resulting in lower mp's (P4O10 bigger mp due to it being a bigger molecule). They are covalent due to the small electronegativity difference between non-metal and O atoms.
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How do the metal ionic oxides react with water?
They form alkaline hydroxides. Na2O undergoes a vigorous exothermic reaction with pH 13. MgO forms a reaction with a pH of 9.
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How does Al2O3 and SiO2 react with water?
They do not dissolve in water because of the high strength of the Al2O3 ionic lattice and the SiO2 macromolecular structure - they give a neutral pH of 7.
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How do the non-metal oxides react with water?
To give acids - P4O10 -> H3PO4 (pH 0 vigorous exothermic reaction), SO2 -> H2SO3 (pH 3 weak acid), SO3 -> H2SO4 (pH 0)
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How does magnesium differ with reactions of steam and cold water?

Back

Magnesium reacts very slowly with cold water to form the hydroxide and hydrogen gas. Magnesium reacts more readily with steam to form the oxide and hydrogen gas.

Card 3

Front

How do the period 3 elements react with oxygen? (Na, Mg, Al, Si, P and S)

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Why is sodium stored under oil and phosphorus under water?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are the structures of the metal oxides?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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