The Lord of the manor lived in a large manor house. Peasants mainly lived in small huts made of woven sticks covered in mud. Open fires burned in the houses. Windows were small with wooden shutters, not glass.
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What was housing in towns like?
Houses were built close to eachother in the centre of towns and only wealthy had gardens. People were supposed to clean the drains and street near their houses but not everyone bothered.
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How did you get water in towns?
Conduits were lead pipes which brought spring water into towns. Water sellers sold water from leather sacks.
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How did you get water in the countryside?
Fresh water from springs or wells. Springs sometimes shared with animals so not always clean.
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How did you dispose of waste in towns?
Public latrines were in market squares. Rakers removed waste from towns. Cesspits were used and then cleared by gongfermers who took it outside the town to be used on feilds or tipped in streams.
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How did you dispose of waste in the countryside?
Midden (a waste heap) in the garden. Some cesspits were constructed near village houses. Waste used for fertiliser.
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When was the first outbreak of the plague in Britain?
1348
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How was the Government run?
Ruled by kings. King's taxed their people but the money was mainly for the King's court and fighting wars. Medieval government did far less for people then what we expect today.
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God's church
Every Christian was a member of a church. By 1250, every parish had its own church, abbeys, monastires and convents.
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What did Roman Catholic's belive about death?
They belived when you died you would not go straight to heaven and that your soul needed to suffer first. They could reduce the time of suffering by doing good deeds on earth.
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What was technology like?
Technology was limited and most things were made by hand. Water mills and windmills were the most powerful technology. The microscope had not been invented yet.
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When was the printing press created and how did it help Britain?
It first appeared in Britain in the 1470's. This helped to speed up communication and the spread of new ideas.
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What were the four humours?
The Greeks said that the human body was made from four liquids. These were blood, phlegm, yellow bile and black bile. The body only worked when these were balanced.
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What might doctors do if they belive your humours are unbalanced?
They will cut a vein and allow blood to flow from the patients arm o that the balance can be restored. This is called bleeding.
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In Londal what law was made in 1343
A law that said butchers needed to use a sperate area for butchering animals.
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When was the Great Famine and what percentage of the population died?
It was between 1315-1316 and 10% of the population died.
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Why did Monastries need clean water?
To perform religious ceremonies as well as day to day cleaning of linen and people.
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How come monastries could acces the cleanest water?
They were rich because people would give money to them to help get to heaven faster after they died. They paid for water pipes to be built over long distances.
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How did Shrewsbury try to resolve the problem of filthy roads and market places and in what year?
In 1301 Shrewsbury paved market places which created better trade. This idea spread to other towns.
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What did Bristol do in the 14th century?
They moved dungheaps, lepers and prostitues to it's outskirts. They belived they all caused miasma.
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What did Norwich do to resolve waste dumping and when did they do this.
Between 1287 and 1289 they name and shamed 16 citizens for dumping waste.
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In 1415 the Mayor of London ordered the rebuilding of what and why?
The rebuilding of a latrine at Moorgate becuase it had been flooding neighbouring properties with sewage.
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Give three reasons why Medieval towns were dirty.
People didnt have proper sanitation, people didn't care about the dirt and people lived very close together.
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What was usually found in the centre of a town market?
A well
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Where did most towns get it's food?
From a peasant at the market.
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What is Ergotism?
A disease people caught by eating fungus that grew on rye.
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