PE - Component 2

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What is the defintion for health?
A state of complete emotional,physical and social wellbeing.
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What are the benefits of good physical health?
Stronger bones, reduced chance of obesity, reduced chance of coronary heart disease, reduced chance of obesity.
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What are the physical health benefits improved by?
Taking part in weight-bearing activites like running or walking, reduced chloestrol, lower blood pressure, burning excess calories while exercising.
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What are the negative effects on physical health?
Overexertion leading to heart attack or stroke, overuse injuries, less effective immune system.
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What are the benefits of exercise to emotional health?
Stress relief so prevents stress releated illnesses such as depression, competition, reduced bordem, aesthetic appreciation.
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How are the benefits of emotional health achieved?
Taking mind of problems, increase in serotonin, having fun when you play, feeling good when winning/meeting a challenge, having something to do, watching skillful performances.
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Why is confidence increased when exercising?
You feel part of something, you are peforming better, you think you look better.
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How is confidence increased when exercising?
Becoming a member of a team, practising more, losing weight from exercise if you was previously overweight.
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What are the negative effects of exercise on emotional health?
Training could lead to injury and a peformer cannot train which can lead to depression.
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What are the social benefits of exercise?
Meeting new people and making new friends, opportunities to get together with existing friends, impriving co-operation skills, increased social activities.
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What are the social benefits of exercise on the elderly?
Getting together with friends as otherwise they might be lonely.
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What are the social benefits of exercise on a child?
May see friends at school but need to develop social skills.
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What are the negative effects of training on social health?
Less time spent with family amd friends because of training. A training obsession may occur.
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How many calories should a person intake a day?
2500 for men and 2000 for women.
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What are the negative effects of poor dietary choices?
Anorexia, obesity and diseases caused by lack of nutreints such as : rickets, scurvy amd osteoporosis.
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What is anorexia?
Where the persons body weight is as low as possible. You have very little energy.
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What can alcohol do to your body?
Cause heart failure, increase blood pressure, increase weight, cause liver disease/cancer.
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What can smoking do to your body?
Causes strokes, cause bronchitis, cause heart disease, causes blood clots, cause emphysema, cause lung cancer.
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What are the effects of alcohol on peformance?
Slower reaction times, less mobile due to excess weight, cause loss of co-ordination, cause loss of concentration.
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What are the effects of smoking on performance?
Causes breathlessness, reduces oxygen-carrying capacity.
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Whats a sedentary lifestyle?
A lifestyle where there is very limited or no physical activity.
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What is the definition overweight?
Weigh more than the expected weight for your height and sex.
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What is the defintion overfat?
Means you have more body fat than you should have.
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What can being overfat lead to?
High blood pressure, high cholesterol.
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What is the defintion of obese?
Describes people who are very over-fat. Its where the body fat has increased to a seriously unhealthy.
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What can obesity lead to?
Mobility issues, lack of flexibility, additional stress on bones and joints, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, depression due to low self esteem.
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What are the 7 items that humans require in their diet?
Carbohydrates, vitamins, water, protein, minerals, fibre and fats.
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Whats a macronurtient?
A nutrient that we need in large quantites for growth and repair.
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What are the 3 main types of macronutrients?
Carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
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What are carbohydrates contained in?
Bread, pasta, potatoes, rice.
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How much carbohydrates should be eaten?
Greater quantites than other macronutrients.
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What do carbohydrates provide us with?
Energy for use in aerobic and anaerobic activity.
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What are fats contained in?
Butter, oil, fatty meats and fried food.
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How many fats should be eaten and why?
A small percentage because it is easily stored in the body and can lead to weight gain.
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What do fats provide us with?
Energy.
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What are proteins contained in?
Cheese, fish, milk, eggs, lean meat.
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What are proteins used for and why might it be used by performers?
Used for growth and repair of the muscles. May be used by performers to aid hypertrophy.
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What can proteins produce?
Energy but its not their main function.
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What are micronutrients?
Nutrients we need in our diet on a small scale.
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What are the micronutrients that we need?
Minerals and vitamins, vitmain D, calcium, water and fibres.
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Whats vitamin D?
Found in dairy foods such as milk, cheese and eggs, and helps the body absorb the mineral calcium.
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Whats calcium?
A mineral found in dairy products. It keeps our bones strong.
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What does water prevent?
Dehydration.
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What do fibres aid?
The digestive system.
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Where are fibres found?
Foods such as cerals, vegetables and nuts.
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Whats optimum weight?
Is the ideal weight someone should be. It depends on bone strucutre, height, sex and muscle girth.
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Whats carbohydrate loading?
Increases the amount of carbohydrate stored as glycogen in the muscles, to provide energy for performance.
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What can dehydration cause?
Dizziness, fatigue, heart stroke, increased heart rate, nausea, muscle cramp, thickening of blood.
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Whats a continumm?
A line that goes between two extremes. The plural in continua.
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What are open skills?
Those that are affected by the surronding environment.
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What are closed skills?
Those that are not affected by the surronding environment.
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What are basic skills?
Simple skills that require little thought, do not need information to be processed and require little decision making.
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What are complex skills?
Difficult skills, require thought and concentration, require a lot of information to be processed, require a lot of decision making.
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What are low organisation skills?
Easy to do, have clear seperate phases.
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What are high organisation skills?
Harder to do, have phases that arent clearly broken down without affecting the skill.
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What are the 3 continuas?
Open - closed, basic - complex, low organistaion - high organisation.
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What is massed practise?
When there is little or no breaks in a session.
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What are the advantages of massed practise?
Correct movement pattern is grooved so its repeated next time.
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What are the disadvantages of massed practise?
It can be boring and tiring.
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When is massed practise used?
When a performer is experienced, less likely to get bored and very fit. It is used when a skill is simple, closed, low organisation and not dangerous.
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What is distributed practise?
When there are breaks in sessions providing rest periods or changes of activity.
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What are the advantages of distributed practise?
Performer doesnt get to tired, prevents boredem.
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What are the disadvantages of distributed practise?
May not gain the skill in the time allowed.
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When is distributed practise used?
When the performer is a beginner, more likely to get bored and not very fit. It is used when the skill is complex, open, high organisation and dangerous.
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What is fixed practise?
When the whole movement of a skill is repeatedly practised in the same way so it becomes well learned.
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When is fixed practise used?
When the sport is mainly made up of closed skills.
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What happens during fixed practise?
Situation does not change, routine is repeated until it becomes automatic, equipment stays the same.
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What is variable practise?
When the same skill is repeated in different situations.
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When is variable practise used?
When a sport is mainky made up of open skills.
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What is visual guidance?
When the performer is shown the skill.
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What are the advantages of visual guidance?
Can copy the movement, can be done with groups.
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What are the disadvantages of visual guidance?
If demonstration is poor then incorrect movement can be learnt, time consuming, quick movements are difficult to see clearly.
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Whats verbal guidance?
When the performer is told information about how to complete the correct technique.
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What are the advantages of verbal guidance?
Its quick, can be used during performance, no equipment required.
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What are the disadvantages of verbal guidance?
Some movements are difficult to explain, relies if coaches communication is good.
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What is manual guidance?
Where the coach physically supports or moves the performer to help them to get the correct postion.
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What are the advantages of manual guidance?
Performer can get a feel for the movement, builds confidence, helps break down a movement into phases.
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What are the disadvantages of manual guidance?
Feeling it is not the same as doing it unaided, performer can become dependent on the support, incorrect feel can lead to doing movement incorrect, can only be 1:1.
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Whats mechanical guidance?
Where the coach uses equipment to support the performer to help them with the technique.
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What are the advantages of mechanical guidance?
Performer can get a feel for the movement, builds confidence, reduces danger.
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What are the disadvantages of mechanical guidance?
Feeling it is not the same as doing it unaided, performer can become dependent on the support, incorrect feel can lead to incorrect movement, cannot be used usually with large groups.
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Whats intrinsic feedback?
Feedback from within the peformer.
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Whats extrinsic feedback?
Feedback from outside the performer.
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Whats concurrent feedback?
Given during a performance.
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Whats terminal feedback?
Given after a performance.
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Whats mental rehearsal?
Involves mentally practising a skill or movement before doing it.
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What are the advantages of mental rehearsal?
Helps focus the mind, reduces anxiety, builds confidence.
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What can socio-economic groups affect?
Participation rates and the activity participated in.
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What dies the golden triangle consist of?
Commercialisation, physical activity and sport, media.
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Whats sportsmanship?
Where players display good conduct and do not resort to trying to win by unfair means.
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Whats gamemanship?
Bending the rules to gain an unfair advantage.
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Whats deviance?
Unacceptable behaviour and is against the rules of sport, eg cheating.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are the benefits of good physical health?

Back

Stronger bones, reduced chance of obesity, reduced chance of coronary heart disease, reduced chance of obesity.

Card 3

Front

What are the physical health benefits improved by?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are the negative effects on physical health?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are the benefits of exercise to emotional health?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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