Patterns of inheritance: key words

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  • Created by: Esme.B
  • Created on: 16-01-18 11:02
Genotype?
The alleles possessed by an organism,
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Phenotype?
Observable characteristics of an organism (result of interaction between its genotype + environment)
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Allele?
An alternative versions of a gene
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Homozygous?
Possessing the same alleles, i.e- AA or aa
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Heterozygous?
Possessing different alleles, i.e- Aa
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Dominant?
Allele always expressed in phenotype whether homozygous (NN) or heterozygous (Nn)
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Recessive?
Allele only expressed in phenotype if no dominant allele present i.e homozygous (nn)
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Codominant?
Both alleles expressed in the phenotype of a heterozygote.
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Monogenic?
A cross between two parents for one characteristic (gene)
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Dihybrid?
Involving 2 gene loci
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Multiple Alleles?
3 or more alleles at one gene locus
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Sex linkage?
When a gene that codes for a characteristic is located on one of the sex chromosomes (usually the X)
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Autosomal Linkage?
Gene loci on the same chromosome (non-sex chromosome) which are often inherited together.
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Epistasis?
Interaction of gene loci where one masks the expression of another.
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Test-cross?
Dominant phenotype crossed with individual of recessive phenotype= expected ratio is 1:1=50% or 0.5
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Multiple alleles?
Characteristics for which there are three or more alleles in the populations gene pool. i.e - blood type
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Codominance?
Both alleles present in the genotype of a heterozygous individual contributes to the individuals phenotype.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Phenotype?

Back

Observable characteristics of an organism (result of interaction between its genotype + environment)

Card 3

Front

Allele?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Homozygous?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Heterozygous?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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