Pathogens and Disease

This is everything you will need to know on this topic for both the Higher tier paper and the Foundation tier. 

I have created for people taking the Higher paper, but Foundation students can still use it.


I UPDATE THE RESOURCE REGULARLY 

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  • Created by: Jack
  • Created on: 06-01-18 09:56
Topic 1.1: Pathogens and disease
Topic 1.1: Pathogens and disease
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What is a Pathogen?
They are Microorganisms that cause infectious diseases
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What is meant by Infectious?
Infectious = Communicable = Can be spread
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How can they be spread?
Water, air, direct contact and vectors
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What is a Vector?
A vector is an organism that can carry and pass on the pathogen without get the disease
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How can the spread of infectious diseases be reduced?
Washing hands, using tissues and handkerchiefs, destroying Vectors, isolate infected individuals and give people at risk vaccinations
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Topic 1.2: Viral Pathogens
Topic 1.2: Viral Pathogens
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What does a Viral Pathogen do?
They reproduce rapidly in body cells, causing damage to the cells
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What is an example of a Viral Pathogen
Measles or HIV or TMV
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What symptoms does Measles have?
Symptoms are fever and a red skin rash
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How are Measles spread?
Breathing in droplets from sneezes and coughs
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Fun Measles Fact
Most people will recover from Measles, but it can be fatal if there are complications, so most young children are vaccinated against Measles
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What symptoms does HIV have?
Flu- like illness
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How is HIV spread?
Sexual contact, exchange in bodily fluids (sharing needles)
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Fun Virus Fact
Viruses can also cause plant diseases
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Topic 1.3: Bacterial diseases
Topic 1.3: Bacterial diseases
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What does bacteria do?
They damage cells or produce toxins that damage tissues
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What is an example of a Bacterial disease?
Salmonella and Gonorrhoea
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What symptoms does Salmonella have?
Fever, abdominal cramps, vomiting and diarrhoea
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How is Salmonella spread?
Chickens and Chicken eggs
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Fun Salmonella Fact
In the UK chickens are vaccinated against Salmonella to stop the spread
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What symptoms does Gonorrhoea have?
Thick green or yellow discharge from the vagina or penis and pain when urinating
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How is Gonorrhoea spread?
Sexual contact
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Can Gonorrhoea be treated?
Yes
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Fun Gonorrhoea Fact
One way of stopping/ reducing an STD is to wear a condom during sex
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Topic 1.4: Protists and disease
Topic 1.4: Protists and disease
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What is a Protist?
Single-celled organisms
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Is a Protist Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic?
Eukaryotic
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What is caused by a Protist?
Malaria
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What symptoms does Malaria have?
Reoccurring Fever
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How is Malaria spread?
Spread by mosquitoes which is a vector
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How do we stop Malaria spreading?
Mosquito nets and Killing Mosquitos
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Fun Malaria Fact
Malaria is passed on to a person when they are bitten by a Mosquito
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Topic 1.5: Fungal diseases
Topic 1.5: Fungal diseases
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What is an example of a Fungal disease?
Rose Black Spot
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What symptoms does Rose Black spots have?
Purple or Black spots on leaves which turn yellow and drop early
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How is it spread?
Wind or water
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How can it be treated?
Fungicides and removing/ destroying the affected leaves
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Fun Rose Black Spot Fact
The loss of leaves will stunt the growth of the plant because photosynthesis is reduced
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Topic 2.2: The immune system
Topic 2.2: The immune system
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What happens if a Pathogen enters the body?
The immune system tries to destroy it
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What does the white blood cells do to protect the body against the Pathogen?
They help to defend against the Pathogen through phagocytosis
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What is phagocytosis?
It is where the Pathogen is surrounded by the white blood cell and digested
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Extra Question 1: Bacteria and Viruses do what inside the body?
Reproduce rapidly inside the body and may produce poisons (toxins) that make us ill.
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Extra Question 2: What do they produce?
They may produce poisons (toxins) that make us ill.
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Extra Question 3: What do Viruses do to the cells that they reproduce in?
They damage them
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Extra Question 4: What is a toxin?
Toxins are harmful substances produced by a Pathogen that poisons the body’s tissues and enzymes.
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Extra Question 5: What is an Immune response?
An Immune response is when the body sends White Blood Cells to an area where the Pathogens are active with orders to destroy them
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is a Pathogen?

Back

They are Microorganisms that cause infectious diseases

Card 3

Front

What is meant by Infectious?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How can they be spread?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is a Vector?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

Jack

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I hope this is useful

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