formative period of organisations history greatly affects structure. social, economic, political changes affects structure of party org
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Territorial penetration or diffusion - Panebianco
penetration - (communist and conservative) centre controls/directs development of periphery. diffusion -(liberal and soc parties) local elites construct party associations later integrated in party org
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3 major factors identify party's genetic model
1. orgs const + model (diffusion/penetration/combo of 2. presence/absence of sponsoring inst 3. role of charisma in party's formation; e.g. if one leaders claims to embolden the political symbol e.g. Italian Fascist Party
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Which academic is stage 1 of party development: elite party assoc with?
Katz and Mair (emergences in 19th century, distributes privileges, membership =small + elitist. unclear boundary between state + civ. society)
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Which academic is stage 2 of party development: mass party assoc with?
Duverger (develops at time of enfranchisement + universal/mass suffrage. party part of civil society)
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civil society
civil society includes charities; neighbourhood self-help schemes; international bodies like the UN or the Red Cross; religious-based pressure-groups; human rights campaigns in repressive societies; and non-governmental organisations improving health
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Which academic is stage 3 of party development:the "catch-all party" assoc with?
Kirchheimer (shaped by electoral competition = broad ideology. leadership dominates. communication through other channels e.g. media. parties - competing brokers between state + society
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stage 4: "cartel party" - Katz/Mair
politics become professionalized + "technocratic" . distinction between members + non-members is blurred. party becomes part of state. operate as a "cartel"
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Territorial penetration or diffusion - Panebianco
Back
penetration - (communist and conservative) centre controls/directs development of periphery. diffusion -(liberal and soc parties) local elites construct party associations later integrated in party org
Card 3
Front
3 major factors identify party's genetic model
Back
Card 4
Front
Which academic is stage 1 of party development: elite party assoc with?
Back
Card 5
Front
Which academic is stage 2 of party development: mass party assoc with?
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