The total kinetic energy and potential energy of all the particles that make up a system.
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Freezing
When a liquid turns into a solid due to particles losing energy.
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Melting
When a solid turns into a liquid due to particles gaining energy.
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Vaporisation/ Evaporation
When a liquid turns into a gas due to particles losing energy.
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Condensation
When a gas turns into a liquid due to particles gaining energy.
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Sublimation
When a solid turns into a gas.
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Specific latent heat of fusion
Amount of energy needed to change 1kg of a solid to a liquid, or liquid to solid, with no change in temperature.
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Specific latent head of vaporisation
Amount of energy needed to change 1kg of a liquid to a gas, or gas to liquid, with no change in temperature.
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States of Matter:
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Solid
Particles are close together. Particles vibrate about a fixed position. Strong intermolecular forces between particles. Particles have very little energy.
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Liquid
Particles are close together, but can move past one another. Liquids have a fixed shape and can’t be squashed. Weak intermolecular forces between particles. Higher amount of energy than solids.
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Gas
Particles are far apart and can move past one another. Gases do not have a fixed shape and can be squashed. Very weak intermolecular forces between particles. Particles have the most amount of energy.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
The total kinetic energy and potential energy of all the particles that make up a system.
Back
Internal energy
Card 3
Front
When a liquid turns into a solid due to particles losing energy.
Back
Card 4
Front
When a solid turns into a liquid due to particles gaining energy.
Back
Card 5
Front
When a liquid turns into a gas due to particles losing energy.
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